Monotropa uniflora |
Monotropa hypopitys |
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corpse plant, ghost plant, ghost-pipe, Indian-pipe, monotrope uniflore, one-flower Indian-pipe |
many-flower Indian-pipe, monotrope du pin, pine-sap |
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Inflorescences | solitary flowers, 5–30 cm; axis white. |
usually secund racemes, rarely solitary flowers, 5–32 cm; axis yellowish to orange or reddish. |
Pedicels | nodding at anthesis, erect in fruit. |
nodding at anthesis, erect in fruit, finely hairy or glabrous, sometimes glandular-hairy. |
Flowers | sepals (3–)5(–6), similar to subtending bracts, lanceolate to oblong, 7–10 × 4–6 mm; petals (3–)5(–6), white to pinkish or reddish, obovate, 10–20 × 5–15 mm, base slightly saccate, margins entire, apex rounded or, rarely, slightly lacerate, adaxial surfaces with scattered hairs; nectary lobes 10, elongate, curved-cylindric; stamens 8–14; filaments glabrous or sparsely hairy; anthers horizontal at anthesis, transversely ellipsoid to depressed-ovoid, abaxial pair of sacs smaller; ovary 6–12 × 5–9 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy; style 2–7 × 2–5 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy; stigma broadly funnelform, 2–6 mm diam., not subtended by ring of crowded hairs. |
sepals absent or 4–5, not similar to subtending bracts, spatulate to elliptic, 7–12 × 1–5 mm; petals 4–5, yellowish to orange or reddish, oblong, 8–17 × 4–8 mm, base narrowly saccate, margins ciliate to erose, apex acute to rounded, adaxial surfaces often hairy; nectary lobes 8–10, (paired), stout, not elongate or curved-cylindric; stamens 8–10; filaments sparsely hairy; anthers horizontal at anthesis, horseshoe-shaped, sacs of equal size; ovary 4–8 × 3–6 mm, usually hairy; style 2–10 × 1–2 mm, sparsely hairy; stigma umbilicate, 1.5–3 mm diam., often subtended by ring of crowded hairs. |
Capsules | 5-segmented; segments persistent after seed dispersal, stout, 7–11 × 5–12 mm, often connected along margins by fine, pinnate, vascular strands. |
4–5-segmented; segments often deciduous after seed dispersal, thin, 6–10 × 4–8 mm, without connecting, pinnate, vascular bundles when open. |
Seeds | 0.5–1 mm, mostly membranously winged. |
0.5–1 mm, mostly membranously winged. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
= 48. |
Monotropa uniflora |
Monotropa hypopitys |
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Phenology | Flowering early summer–fall. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Moist to dry, coniferous and mixed-deciduous forests | Moist to mesic or dry, mixed-deciduous and coniferous forests |
Elevation | 0-3000 m (0-9800 ft) | 0-4300 m (0-14100 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; SPM; s Mexico; Central America; South America (Colombia); s Asia; e Asia
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AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; SPM; Mexico; Central America (Guatemala); Europe; c Asia; e Asia
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 392. | FNA vol. 8, p. 393. |
Parent taxa | Ericaceae > subfam. Monotropoideae > Monotropa | Ericaceae > subfam. Monotropoideae > Monotropa |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | M. brittonii | Hypopitys americana, Hypopitys fimbriata, Hypopitys lanuginosa, Hypopitys monotropa, M. hypopitys subsp. lanuginosa, M. latisquama |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 387. 1753 , | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 387. 1753 (as hypopithys) , |
Web links |
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