The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

largetooth calcareous moss, Menzies' red-mouth minium, red-mouth leafy moss

Habit Plants 0.5–1(–2.5) cm.
Stems

red or reddish brown.

Leaves

green to dark green, slightly contorted or undulate when dry, obovate or occasionally elliptic, 2.5–5 mm;

base long-decurrent;

margins reddish brown, multistratose with stereid band, toothed distally, teeth paired, long, sharp;

apex acute, obtuse, or rounded-acute, cuspidate, cusp toothed;

costa percurrent or excurrent, distal abaxial surface smooth, sometimes with few small teeth;

medial laminal cells ± isodiametric or short-elongate, 25–40 µm, smaller towards margins, not in rows, not collenchymatous, blue postmortal color absent;

marginal cells linear, in (3–)4–5 rows.

Seta

single or multiple.

Sexual condition

synoicous.

Capsule

pale yellow, 1.5–4 mm;

operculum rostrate;

exostome dark reddish brown, often purplish.

Spores

16–24 µm.

Mnium spinulosum

Phenology Capsules mature late spring.
Habitat Forests, on humus, logs, rock, base of trees
Elevation low to moderate elevations
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CT; GA; ID; IL; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NY; OR; RI; SD; VT; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Europe; Asia
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Mnium spinulosum is distinguished by usually obovate leaves with broad, thick, and pigmented margins, and dark reddish brown exostomes. The capsule mouths are dark reddish brown; H. A. Crum and L. E. Anderson (1981) referred to this species as the red-mouthed mnium.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 28, p. 228.
Parent taxa Mniaceae > Mnium
Sibling taxa
M. arizonicum, M. blyttii, M. hornum, M. lycopodioides, M. marginatum, M. spinosum, M. stellare, M. thomsonii
Name authority Bruch & Schimper: Bryol. Europ. 4: 206, plate 394. (1846)
Web links