Flora of North America species comparison

usually erect or ascending, occasionally decumbent, leafy mostly in proximal 2/3 of plant, openly forked distally, 4–15 dm, basally usually glabrous or puberulent in 2 lines, rarely spreading-pubescent; distally stems usually puberulent in 2 lines, occasionally glabrate, rarely spreading glandular-pubescent.

erect, few, moderately leafy mostly in proximal 2/3, few branched, 7–15 dm, glabrous basally, glabrous or sparsely glandular-puberulent distally.

ascending at 45–80°, abruptly reduced to inflorescence;

petiole 0.2–2 cm;

blade green, ovate-lanceolate to ovate or triangular, 3–10 × 2–6.5 cm, usually ± thin, base obtuse, round, truncate, or cordate, apex acute to acuminate, rarely rounded, surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes puberulent or sparsely hispidulous.

ascending at 30–70°, progressively reduced toward inflorescence;

petiole 0.3–2 cm;

blade green, lanceolate to lance-ovate, 3–12 × 1–5 cm, thick and moderately succulent, base broadly obtuse to cuneate, apex acute or tapered to rounded tip, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent.

terminal and in upper axils, subumbellate clusters at ends of long, forked branches;

peduncle 5–20 mm, usually pubescent with ascending, often curved, glandular or eglandular hairs, crosswalls of hairs pale;

involucres pale green, often tinged pinkish, widely bell-shaped to almost rotate, 4–6 mm in flower, 8–15 mm in fruit, glabrous or glabrate but with minute curved hairs on margins, or rarely puberulent or pilose throughout, 50–90% connate, lobes ovate to broadly ovate.

terminal and in upper axils, open, widely branched from main axis;

peduncle 5–10 mm, glabrate or sparsely puberulent or spreading viscid-villous, crosswalls of hairs pale;

involucres pale green, widely bell-shaped, 4–5 mm in flower, 7–10 mm in fruit, glabrous (except, often, margins) or very sparsely puberulent or villous, 70–80% connate, lobes broadly ovate, rounded.

(2–)3(–5) per involucre;

perianth usually pink to reddish purple, rarely white, 1 cm.

3 per involucre;

perianth pink to reddish purple, rarely white, 0.8–1 cm.

dark grayish brown to reddish brown (ribs and tubercles usually slightly paler), narrowly obovate and tapering at both ends, 3.4–5 mm, shaggy-pubescent with spreading, sometimes tufted, hairs, 0.3–0.4 mm, sometimes also with layer of minute hairs;

ribs usually irregularly and deeply notched, especially toward apex, round to bluntly angled, 0.5–0.75 times width of sulci, 0.5–1 times as wide as high;

sulci with pale small to tall tubercles that are sometimes horizontally lengthened and shelflike.

brown to grayish or purplish brown, narrowly obovate, 4–5.3 mm, very sparsely pubescent with hairs 0.1–0.5 mm;

ribs round-angular, 0.3 times width of sulci, 0.5–1 times as wide as high, smooth on angle, usually rugose on sides, occasionally interrupted and tuberculate;

sulci with low tubercules, often also with transverse wrinkles.

= 58.