Mirabilis jalapa |
Mirabilis linearis |
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four o'clock, four o'clock flower, four o'clock umbrella-wort, marvel of peru, wishbone bush |
linearleaf four-o'clock, narrow leaf four o'clock, narrow-leaf umbrella-wort |
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Stems | decumbent, ascending, or erect, sparsely leafy with few stems to very leafy and bushy branched, leafy primarily in proximal 1/5 to throughout, 1–1.3 dm, basally minutely puberulent in 2 lines, sparsely or densely spreading-hirsute, or rarely glabrate or glabrous; distally minutely puberulent in 2 lines, sparsely or densely spreading-hirsute, or rarely glabrate or glabrous, usually glandular-puberulent or pubescent in inflorescence. |
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Leaves | strongly ascending to spreading at 5–80°; petiole 0–1.5 cm; blade green to blue-gray and glaucous, linear to linear-lanceolate, rarely lanceolate, 3–11.5 × 0.1–1(–1.8) cm, thin to fleshy, thick, and succulent, base long attenuate or narrowly acute, apex acutely tapered to rounded, surfaces glabrous, glandular-pubescent, or hirsute. |
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Inflorescences | axillary and terminal, when axillary, consisting of single involucres or short branches, when terminal with ± well-defined central axis and shorter side branches, or narrowly to widely forked without main axis; peduncle 3–10 mm, usually spreading glandular-puberulent or pilose, crosswalls of hairs pale or dark; involucres pale green, sometimes tinged with purple, narrowly to widely bell-shaped, 3–6 mm in flower, 4–10(–15) mm in fruit, spreading viscid-pubescent to hirsute, 40–70% connate, lobes ovate. |
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Flowers | 3 per involucre; perianth white to purple-pink, 0.7–1.1 cm. |
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Fruits | olive brown or dark olive brown, narrowly obovate and tapering at both ends to obovoid, 3.1–5.5 mm, pubescent with spreading crinkled hairs in tufts or ± evenly distributed, hairs 0.1–0.5 mm; ribs sometimes slightly paler, slightly elevated above surface (usually less than 0.5 times as wide as high), low rounded to round-angled, 0.5–1 times width of sulci, 0.3–1 times as wide as high, smooth throughout or sometimes rugose on sides, occasionally interrupted and tuberculate near apex; sulci with small or rarely large tubercles, or low and inconspicuous or occasionally high and prominently cross-rugose. |
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Mirabilis jalapa |
Mirabilis linearis |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TX; UT; VA; VT; Mexico [Introduced in North America and elsewhere]
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AZ; CA; CO; CT; IL; IN; KS; MI; MO; MS; MT; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OK; PA; SD; TN; TX; UT; WI; WY; AB; MB; SK; n Mexico
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (1 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 42. | FNA vol. 4, p. 52. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Nyctaginaceae > Mirabilis > sect. Mirabilis | Nyctaginaceae > Mirabilis > sect. Oxybaphus | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Allionia linearis, M. hirsuta var. linearis, Oxybaphus linearis | |||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 177. (1753) | (Pursh) Heimerl: Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Gen ève 5: 186. (1901) | ||||||||
Web links |
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