Minuartia nuttallii |
Minuartia cumberlandensis |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
brittle sandwort, musk-flower, Nuttall sandwort, Nuttall's sandwort, Nuttall's stitchwort |
Cumberland stitchwort |
|||||||||||||
Habit | Plants perennial, mat-forming. | Plants perennial, cespitose from decumbent bases. | ||||||||||||
Taproots | thickened, woody; crown, many-branched, woody; rhizomes and trailing stems to 60 cm. |
filiform; basal offshoots present. |
||||||||||||
Stems | ascending to erect, ± green, 2–20 cm, densely glandular-hairy throughout, internodes of flowering stems 0.2–2 times as long as leaves. |
erect or ascending, green, (8–)10–15(–20) cm, glabrous, internodes of flowering stems 0.8–1.2 times as long as leaves. |
||||||||||||
Leaves | tightly appressed to spreading, ± evenly spaced, connate proximally, with ± loose, scarious sheath 0.1–0.7 mm; blade straight to recurved, ± green, flat, prominently 1-veined abaxially, broadly lanceolate to linear, 5–20 × 0.5–1.5 mm, ± rigid, margins rounded, scarious in proximal 1/3–1/4, apex green to purple, acute to acuminate or spinescent, navicular with small mucro or spinescent, dull, stipitate-glandular; axillary leaves present proximally to throughout. |
overlapping proximally, variably spaced distally, connate proximally, with ± loose, scarious sheath 0.1–0.2 mm; blade spreading or ascending to outwardly curved, green, flat, 1-veined, linear-oblanceolate to linear-spatulate, (10–)20–30(–40) × 1–3 mm, flexuous, margins not thickened, minutely scarious, smooth, apex green, obtuse to broadly acute, shiny, glabrous, axillary leaves absent. |
||||||||||||
Inflorescences | (3–)6–30-flowered, open cymes; bracts lanceolate to subulate, usually scarious. |
flowers solitary, terminal, or 1–3-flowered cymes; bracts narrowly lanceolate, herbaceous. |
||||||||||||
Pedicels | 0.2–2 cm, stipitate-glandular. |
12–30 cm, glabrous. |
||||||||||||
Flowers | hypanthium disc-shaped; sepals 1–3-veined, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate (herbaceous portion narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate), 3–6(–7) mm, not enlarging in fruit, apex often purple, acute to acuminate or spinescent, not hooded, stipitate-glandular; petals obovate, 0.5–1.6 times as long as sepals, apex rounded, entire. |
hypanthium dish-shaped; sepals very weakly 3-veined, broadly oblong (herbaceous portion broadly oblong), 2–3 mm, not enlarging in fruit, apex green, obtuse or rounded, not hooded, glabrous; petals oblong or obovate, 1.6–2 times as long as sepals, apex rounded to truncate, entire or slightly emarginate. |
||||||||||||
Capsules | on stipe ca. 0.1–0.2 mm, ovoid, 5 mm, usually shorter than sepals. |
broadly ovoid, (2–)3–3.5 mm, equaling or longer than sepals. |
||||||||||||
Seeds | reddish brown to dark brown, oblong-elliptic with hilar notch on 1 end, 1.5–2.7 mm, tuberculate; tubercles low-rounded. |
reddish brown, asymmetrically reniform with radicle prolonged into beak, not compressed, 0.5–0.7 mm, reticulate. |
||||||||||||
2n | = 20. |
|||||||||||||
Minuartia nuttallii |
Minuartia cumberlandensis |
|||||||||||||
Phenology | Flowering summer. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Shaded sand-rock ledges and bluffs | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 400-600 m (1300-2000 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
|
KY; TN |
||||||||||||
Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). Minuartia nuttallii, M. decumbens, M. rosei, and M. stolonifera form a complex that, together with the eastern species M. caroliniana and M. michauxii, comprise sect. Sclerophylla Mattfeld. The four western species all have capsules that contain one to three(?) large (1.5–2.8 mm) seeds; unfortunately, these plants appear to be collected only rarely in fruit. Minuartia nuttallii includes four varieties, which can, for the most part, be easily recognized. There is some overlap between var. gracilis and var. fragilis in western Nevada and southeastern Oregon, where some plants exhibit prominently arcuate-spreading leaves (as in var. fragilis) and weakly veined sepals (as in var. gracilis). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Minuartia cumberlandensis may be most closely related to M. groenlandica and M. glabra; R. Kral (1983) noted that it may be distinguished from either of those taxa by leaf size and shape, seed sculpture, phenology, and habitat preference (shaded sandstone versus sunny granitic flat-rocks). Minuartia cumberlandensis is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||||||
Key |
|
|||||||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 129. | FNA vol. 5, p. 123. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Minuartia | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Minuartia | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Arenaria nuttallii, Minuopsis nuttallii | Arenaria cumberlandensis | ||||||||||||
Name authority | (Pax) Briquet: Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 13–14: 385. (1911) | (Wofford & Kral) McNeill: Rhodora 82: 498. (1980) | ||||||||||||
Web links |
|