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brittle sandwort, musk-flower, Nuttall sandwort, Nuttall's sandwort, Nuttall's stitchwort

California sandwort, sandwort

Habit Plants perennial, mat-forming. Plants annual.
Taproots

thickened, woody;

crown, many-branched, woody;

rhizomes and trailing stems to 60 cm.

filiform.

Stems

ascending to erect, ± green, 2–20 cm, densely glandular-hairy throughout, internodes of flowering stems 0.2–2 times as long as leaves.

widely spreading to erect, green, (1–)2–12 cm, glabrous, internodes of flowering stems 5–10 times as long as leaves.

Leaves

tightly appressed to spreading, ± evenly spaced, connate proximally, with ± loose, scarious sheath 0.1–0.7 mm;

blade straight to recurved, ± green, flat, prominently 1-veined abaxially, broadly lanceolate to linear, 5–20 × 0.5–1.5 mm, ± rigid, margins rounded, scarious in proximal 1/3–1/4, apex green to purple, acute to acuminate or spinescent, navicular with small mucro or spinescent, dull, stipitate-glandular;

axillary leaves present proximally to throughout.

not overlapping, all evenly spaced, connate proximally, with loose, herbaceous or scarious sheath 0.5–0.7 mm;

blade widely spreading, green, concave proximally, flat distally, weakly 1-veined abaxially, linear to awl-shaped or narrowly oblong, 2–5 × 0.2–1.5 mm, flexuous, margins not thickened, scarious proximally, smooth, apex green or purple, acute to often rounded, flat, dull to shiny, glabrous;

axillary leaves absent.

Inflorescences

(3–)6–30-flowered, open cymes;

bracts lanceolate to subulate, usually scarious.

5–7(–9)-flowered, open cymes, or rarely flowers solitary;

bracts subulate, herbaceous, often scarious-margined proximally.

Pedicels

0.2–2 cm, stipitate-glandular.

0.2–1.5 cm, glabrous.

Flowers

hypanthium disc-shaped;

sepals 1–3-veined, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate (herbaceous portion narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate), 3–6(–7) mm, not enlarging in fruit, apex often purple, acute to acuminate or spinescent, not hooded, stipitate-glandular;

petals obovate, 0.5–1.6 times as long as sepals, apex rounded, entire.

hypanthium disc-shaped;

sepals 1–3-veined, midvein sometimes more prominent than lateral veins, broadly lanceolate to elliptic (herbaceous portion narrowly elliptic to oblong), 2.5–2.8 mm, not enlarging in fruit, apex green to purple, rounded to acute, slightly hooded, glabrous;

petals elliptic to oblanceolate, 1.5–1.8 times as long as sepals, apex obtuse to rounded, entire.

Capsules

on stipe ca. 0.1–0.2 mm, ovoid, 5 mm, usually shorter than sepals.

on stipe ca 0.1 mm, ± ovoid, 3–3.5 mm, longer than sepals.

Seeds

reddish brown to dark brown, oblong-elliptic with hilar notch on 1 end, 1.5–2.7 mm, tuberculate;

tubercles low-rounded.

reddish brown, suborbiculate with radicle prolonged into beak, slightly compressed, 0.4–0.5 mm, minutely papillate.

2n

= 26.

Minuartia nuttallii

Minuartia californica

Phenology Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Gravelly or sandy slopes, meadows, chaparral, vernal ponds, roadsides
Elevation 10-700(-1500) m (0-2300(-4900) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).

Minuartia nuttallii, M. decumbens, M. rosei, and M. stolonifera form a complex that, together with the eastern species M. caroliniana and M. michauxii, comprise sect. Sclerophylla Mattfeld. The four western species all have capsules that contain one to three(?) large (1.5–2.8 mm) seeds; unfortunately, these plants appear to be collected only rarely in fruit.

Minuartia nuttallii includes four varieties, which can, for the most part, be easily recognized. There is some overlap between var. gracilis and var. fragilis in western Nevada and southeastern Oregon, where some plants exhibit prominently arcuate-spreading leaves (as in var. fragilis) and weakly veined sepals (as in var. gracilis).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaf blade apices spinecent; sepal apices spinescent
→ 2
1. Leaf blade apices acute to acuminate, somewhat navicular; sepal apices acuminate
→ 3
2. Leaves prominently arcuate-spreading, blade 10-20 mm; sepals (1-)3-veined
var. fragilis
2. Leaves appressed to occasionally arcuate- spreading, blade 5-7 mm; sepals 1(-3)-veined
var. gracilis
3. Sepals lanceolate to narrowly so; petals 0.5-1.2 times as long as sepals
var. nuttallii
3. Sepals ovate to lanceolate; petals 1.1-1.6 times as long as sepals
var. gregaria
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 129. FNA vol. 5, p. 121.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Minuartia Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Minuartia
Sibling taxa
M. arctica, M. austromontana, M. biflora, M. californica, M. caroliniana, M. cismontana, M. cumberlandensis, M. dawsonensis, M. decumbens, M. douglasii, M. drummondii, M. elegans, M. glabra, M. godfreyi, M. groenlandica, M. howellii, M. macrantha, M. macrocarpa, M. marcescens, M. michauxii, M. muscorum, M. obtusiloba, M. patula, M. pusilla, M. rosei, M. rossii, M. rubella, M. stolonifera, M. stricta, M. tenella, M. uniflora, M. yukonensis
M. arctica, M. austromontana, M. biflora, M. caroliniana, M. cismontana, M. cumberlandensis, M. dawsonensis, M. decumbens, M. douglasii, M. drummondii, M. elegans, M. glabra, M. godfreyi, M. groenlandica, M. howellii, M. macrantha, M. macrocarpa, M. marcescens, M. michauxii, M. muscorum, M. nuttallii, M. obtusiloba, M. patula, M. pusilla, M. rosei, M. rossii, M. rubella, M. stolonifera, M. stricta, M. tenella, M. uniflora, M. yukonensis
Subordinate taxa
M. nuttallii var. fragilis, M. nuttallii var. gracilis, M. nuttallii var. gregaria, M. nuttallii var. nuttallii
Synonyms Arenaria nuttallii, Minuopsis nuttallii Arenaria brevifolia var. californica, Alsinopsis californica, Arenaria californica, Arenaria pusilla var. diffusa, M. pusilla var. diffusa
Name authority (Pax) Briquet: Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 13–14: 385. (1911) (A. Gray) Mattfeld: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57(Beibl. 126): 28. (1921)
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