Minuartia nuttallii |
Minuartia californica |
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brittle sandwort, musk-flower, Nuttall sandwort, Nuttall's sandwort, Nuttall's stitchwort |
California sandwort, sandwort |
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Habit | Plants perennial, mat-forming. | Plants annual. | ||||||||||||
Taproots | thickened, woody; crown, many-branched, woody; rhizomes and trailing stems to 60 cm. |
filiform. |
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Stems | ascending to erect, ± green, 2–20 cm, densely glandular-hairy throughout, internodes of flowering stems 0.2–2 times as long as leaves. |
widely spreading to erect, green, (1–)2–12 cm, glabrous, internodes of flowering stems 5–10 times as long as leaves. |
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Leaves | tightly appressed to spreading, ± evenly spaced, connate proximally, with ± loose, scarious sheath 0.1–0.7 mm; blade straight to recurved, ± green, flat, prominently 1-veined abaxially, broadly lanceolate to linear, 5–20 × 0.5–1.5 mm, ± rigid, margins rounded, scarious in proximal 1/3–1/4, apex green to purple, acute to acuminate or spinescent, navicular with small mucro or spinescent, dull, stipitate-glandular; axillary leaves present proximally to throughout. |
not overlapping, all evenly spaced, connate proximally, with loose, herbaceous or scarious sheath 0.5–0.7 mm; blade widely spreading, green, concave proximally, flat distally, weakly 1-veined abaxially, linear to awl-shaped or narrowly oblong, 2–5 × 0.2–1.5 mm, flexuous, margins not thickened, scarious proximally, smooth, apex green or purple, acute to often rounded, flat, dull to shiny, glabrous; axillary leaves absent. |
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Inflorescences | (3–)6–30-flowered, open cymes; bracts lanceolate to subulate, usually scarious. |
5–7(–9)-flowered, open cymes, or rarely flowers solitary; bracts subulate, herbaceous, often scarious-margined proximally. |
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Pedicels | 0.2–2 cm, stipitate-glandular. |
0.2–1.5 cm, glabrous. |
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Flowers | hypanthium disc-shaped; sepals 1–3-veined, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate (herbaceous portion narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate), 3–6(–7) mm, not enlarging in fruit, apex often purple, acute to acuminate or spinescent, not hooded, stipitate-glandular; petals obovate, 0.5–1.6 times as long as sepals, apex rounded, entire. |
hypanthium disc-shaped; sepals 1–3-veined, midvein sometimes more prominent than lateral veins, broadly lanceolate to elliptic (herbaceous portion narrowly elliptic to oblong), 2.5–2.8 mm, not enlarging in fruit, apex green to purple, rounded to acute, slightly hooded, glabrous; petals elliptic to oblanceolate, 1.5–1.8 times as long as sepals, apex obtuse to rounded, entire. |
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Capsules | on stipe ca. 0.1–0.2 mm, ovoid, 5 mm, usually shorter than sepals. |
on stipe ca 0.1 mm, ± ovoid, 3–3.5 mm, longer than sepals. |
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Seeds | reddish brown to dark brown, oblong-elliptic with hilar notch on 1 end, 1.5–2.7 mm, tuberculate; tubercles low-rounded. |
reddish brown, suborbiculate with radicle prolonged into beak, slightly compressed, 0.4–0.5 mm, minutely papillate. |
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2n | = 26. |
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Minuartia nuttallii |
Minuartia californica |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Gravelly or sandy slopes, meadows, chaparral, vernal ponds, roadsides | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 10-700(-1500) m (0-2300(-4900) ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). Minuartia nuttallii, M. decumbens, M. rosei, and M. stolonifera form a complex that, together with the eastern species M. caroliniana and M. michauxii, comprise sect. Sclerophylla Mattfeld. The four western species all have capsules that contain one to three(?) large (1.5–2.8 mm) seeds; unfortunately, these plants appear to be collected only rarely in fruit. Minuartia nuttallii includes four varieties, which can, for the most part, be easily recognized. There is some overlap between var. gracilis and var. fragilis in western Nevada and southeastern Oregon, where some plants exhibit prominently arcuate-spreading leaves (as in var. fragilis) and weakly veined sepals (as in var. gracilis). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 129. | FNA vol. 5, p. 121. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Minuartia | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Minuartia | ||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Arenaria nuttallii, Minuopsis nuttallii | Arenaria brevifolia var. californica, Alsinopsis californica, Arenaria californica, Arenaria pusilla var. diffusa, M. pusilla var. diffusa | ||||||||||||
Name authority | (Pax) Briquet: Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 13–14: 385. (1911) | (A. Gray) Mattfeld: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57(Beibl. 126): 28. (1921) | ||||||||||||
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