Minuartia austromontana |
Minuartia patula |
|
---|---|---|
Columbian stitchwort, Rocky Mountain sandwort |
Pitcher's stitchwort |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, mat-forming. | Plants winter annual or annual. |
Taproots | moderately stout, not woody. |
filiform. |
Stems | spreading to erect, cespitose, green, 3–15 cm, glabrous, internodes of all stems 0.2–0.6 times as long as leaves. |
erect to ascending, green, 5–30 cm, glabrous or sometimes stipitate-glandular distally or throughout, internodes of all stems 1–7 times as long as leaves; wintering stems absent. |
Leaves | tightly overlapping, usually connate proximally, with ± loose, scarious to herbaceous sheath 0.2–0.8 mm; blade straight to outwardly curved, green, flat, prominently 1-veined abaxially, linear to subulate, 3–10 × 0.1–1 mm, flexuous, margins not thickened, scarious, smooth, apex green or purple, rounded, navicular, shiny, glabrous; axillary leaves present among cauline leaves. |
overlapping proximally, connate proximally, with loose, scarious to herbaceous sheath 0.1–0.5 mm; blade straight to variously curved, green, flat, prominently 1-veined abaxially, linear, 2–20 × 0.5–1.5(–1.8) mm, flexuous, margins not thickened, herbaceous, smooth, apex green or purple, blunt to acute, flat, ± shiny, glabrous to stipitate-glandular; axillary leaves absent. |
Inflorescences | flowers solitary, terminal; bracts linear to subulate, herbaceous. |
5–30-flowered, open cymes; bracts subulate to ovate, herbaceous. |
Pedicels | 0.3–1.5(–2) cm, glabrous. |
0.3–3 cm, stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | hypanthium disc-shaped, sepals prominently 3-veined, linear to lanceolate (herbaceous portion linear to lanceolate), 2–3 mm, enlarging slightly in fruit, apex usually purple, acute or rounded, not hooded, glabrous; petals usually absent, if present, rudimentary, linear to oblong, shorter than sepals, apex entire. |
hypanthium shallowly disc-shaped; sepals prominently (3- or) 5-veined, narrowly to broadly lanceolate (herbaceous portion narrowly to broadly lanceolate), 4–5.5 mm, not enlarging in fruit, apex green or purple, narrowly acute to acuminate, not hooded, glabrous to sparsely stipitate-glandular; petals obovate, 1.5–2.2(–3) times as long as sepals, apex rounded, broadly notched. |
Capsules | ellipsoid, 2–3 mm, equaling sepals. |
on stipe ca. 0.1 mm or shorter, narrowly ellipsoid, 3–4.2 mm, shorter than sepals. |
Seeds | 0.6–1 mm, brown, suborbiculate with radicle prolonged into beak, somewhat compressed, minutely tuberculate (50x). |
reddish brown to black, suborbiculate, radicle obscure, slightly compressed, 0.5–0.6 mm, tuberculate; tubercles low, rounded. |
2n | = 30. |
|
Minuartia austromontana |
Minuartia patula |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Dry, rocky, calcareous slopes and fell-fields in alpine areas | Prairies, meadows, limestone barrens, and rocky outcrops in sandy, clayey, or gravelly soils |
Elevation | 1200-2800 m (3900-9200 ft) | 0-500 |
Distribution |
ID; MT; OR; UT; WY; AB; BC
|
AL; AR; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; OH; OK; PA; TN; TX; VA; WI |
Discussion | Minuartia austromontana is the Rocky Mountains member of the M. rossii complex (S. J. Wolf et al. 1979). Specimens from that region identified as M. rossii subsp. columbiana (Raup) Maguire are probably M. austromontana; contrary to B. Maguire’s (1958) interpretation, the former is a synonym of M. elegans. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Minuartia patula and the related M. muscorum have received little attention in comparison to the granite-outcrop minuartias, the M. uniflora complex. J. A. Steyermark (1941) studied these taxa and described three forms, based chiefly on pubescence variation. Plants entirely glabrous [forma pitcheri (Nuttall) Steyermark] and those with sepals and pedicels somewhat stipitate-glandular (forma media Steyermark) were segregated from densely stipitate-glandular plants (forma patula). We do not feel that such variations deserve formal taxonomic recognition. Forma robusta, as defined by Steyermark, is here referred to M. muscorum. Most specimens of Minuartia patula have prominently five-veined sepals (seen especially easily in the glabrous forms); occasional plants from Georgia, Kentucky, and Virginia have glabrous sepals with only three strong veins, resembling those of M. muscorum; in other features, including the seeds, they are clearly referable to M. patula. The status of the plants with three-veined sepals remains ambiguous; J. A. Steyermark (1941) included them in his forma media and B. Maguire (1951) included them (in our opinion incorrectly) in his var. robusta. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 120. | FNA vol. 5, p. 131. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Minuartia | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Minuartia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arenaria patula, Alsinopsis patula, Alsinopsis pitcheri, Sabulina patula | |
Name authority | S. J. Wolf & Packer: Canad. J. Bot. 57: 1676, fig. 1. (1979) | (Michaux) Mattfeld: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57(Beibl. 126): 28. (1921) |
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