Mikania scandens
Mikania
climbing hempvine, climbing hempweed
climbing hempweed, hempvine
obscurely 6-angled to terete, glabrate to densely pilose;
internodes 8–15 cm.
usually twining to scrambling (terete, striate, or [4-] 6-angled, sometimes winged), branched.
blades triangular to triangular-ovate, 3–15 × 2–11 cm, bases cordate to hastate, margins subentire to undulate, crenate, or dentate, apices acuminate (tips often caudate), faces puberulent.
cauline; opposite [whorled]; petiolate [sessile];
blades palmately 3[–7]-nerved [pinnately nerved], ± ovate or deltate-ovate to triangular [linear], margins entire or undulate to dentate or toothed to lobed, faces glabrous or puberulent to tomentose, often gland-dotted.
20–50 mm, glabrous or puberulent.
± cylindric, [1–]2–3[–4] mm diam. (usually each subtended by 1 bractlet).
flat (glabrous), epaleate.
4;
corollas usually white, sometimes pink to rose or purplish, throats funnelform or campanulate, lobes 5, linear or triangular to deltate;
styles: bases slightly, if at all, enlarged, glabrous, branches ± filiform [weakly clavate].
usually pinkish to purplish, sometimes white, 3–5.4 mm, sparsely gland-dotted, lobes triangular to deltate.
green or pinkish to purplish, linear to lanceolate, 5–6 mm, apices acuminate (faces glabrous or puberulent).
persistent, 4 in ± 2 series (outer pair imbricate over inner pair), not notably nerved, lanceolate, linear, or oblong (bases often swollen), ± equal.
6–7 mm.
discoid, in corymbiform [paniculiform, racemiform, spiciform, thyrsiform] arrays.
dark brown to blackish, 1.8–2.2 mm, densely gland-dotted;
pappi of 30–37 white or pinkish to purplish bristles 4–4.5 mm.
± prismatic, [4–]5[–10]-ribbed, glabrous or puberulent, sometimes gland-dotted;
pappi persistent, of [20–]30–60 (white, buff, pinkish, or purplish) barbellulate to barbellate bristles in 1–2 series (distinct or basally connate).
of heads dense, corymbiform, 12–15 × 12 cm.
(perennial, sometimes suffrutescent) [non-viney perennials, shrubs], to 300[–1500+] cm.
= 16–20.
= 38.
Mikania scandens
Mikania
The name Mikania scandens was once used to refer to most of the slender twiners with sagittate, hastate, or cordate leaf bases and corymbiform capitulescences in tropical and temperate America. As a result of work of B. L. Robinson (1934), the name is now used to refer to plants distributed primarily in eastern United States.
Mikania scandens was reported as occurring in Ontario, Canada (M. L. Fernald 1950; J. A. Steyermark 1963); it has been deleted from the flora of Canada (H. J. Scoggan 1978–1979, part 4). The Canadian reports were seemingly based upon misdeterminations and/or “too loose an application of that name with respect to present political boundaries.” Records of M. scandens from along the Ohio River, Hamilton County, Ohio, are apparently based on non-persistent introductions; the species is apparently extirpated from Indiana, Maine, and Michigan.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Species ca. 450 (3 in the flora).
All species of Mikania in the flora belong to M. sect. Mikania in the sense of W. C. Holmes (1996).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Stems 6-angled, gray-tomentulose to tomentose; leaf blades ovate to deltate; heads 7–10 mm; phyllaries 6–8 mm; corolla lobes linear; cypselae 3–4 mm | M. cordifolia |
1. Stems terete to obscurely 6-angled, glabrate to densely pilose; leaf blades triangular to triangular-ovate; heads 4–7 mm; phyllaries 3–6 mm; corolla lobes triangular to deltate; cypselae 1.8–2.2 mm | → 2 |
2. Leaves (membranous): apices tapering; phyllaries linear-lanceolate, 5–6 mm; corollasusually pinkish to purplish, 3.5–4 mm; e United States | M. scandens |
2. Leaves (subcoriaceous to ± fleshy): apices acute to acuminate; phyllaries lanceolate tonarrowly ovate, 3–4 mm; corollas white, ca. 3 mm; s Florida | M. batatifolia |
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