Mikania cordifolia
Mikania scandens
Florida keys hempvine
climbing hempvine, climbing hempweed
6-angled, gray-tomentulose or tomentose;
internodes 5–20 cm.
obscurely 6-angled to terete, glabrate to densely pilose;
internodes 8–15 cm.
blades ovate to deltate, 5–10 × 3–8 cm, bases cordate, margins subentire to undulate-dentate, apices acute to acuminate, faces densely pilose to tomentose (abaxial paler than adaxial).
blades triangular to triangular-ovate, 3–15 × 2–11 cm, bases cordate to hastate, margins subentire to undulate, crenate, or dentate, apices acuminate (tips often caudate), faces puberulent.
25–55 mm, densely pilose to tomentose.
20–50 mm, glabrous or puberulent.
white, 3.5–5 mm, lobes linear.
usually pinkish to purplish, sometimes white, 3–5.4 mm, sparsely gland-dotted, lobes triangular to deltate.
substramineous, elliptic to narrowly ovate, 6–8 mm, apices acute to slightly rounded.
green or pinkish to purplish, linear to lanceolate, 5–6 mm, apices acuminate (faces glabrous or puberulent).
7–10 mm.
6–7 mm.
brown, 3–4 mm, glabrous or pubescent, sparsely gland-dotted;
pappi of ca. 60 white, barbellate bristles 4–5 mm.
dark brown to blackish, 1.8–2.2 mm, densely gland-dotted;
pappi of 30–37 white or pinkish to purplish bristles 4–4.5 mm.
of heads compound-corymbiform (terminal and lateral), 6 × 7+ cm.
of heads dense, corymbiform, 12–15 × 12 cm.
= 38.
= 38.
Mikania cordifolia
Mikania scandens
Mikania cordifolia grows in all wet-tropical and subtropical America from northern Argentina to the lower Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States. It has the largest natural distribution of any species in the genus. In the tropics, M. cordifolia tends to be weedy, frequently occupying disturbed sites, usually in the lowlands. It is not weedy in the United States. In Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas, M. cordifolia occurs in relatively open seeps and stream sides in beech (Fagus grandiflora Ehrhart) woods. It was collected in 1875 from the Navy Ballast Yard in Kargins Point, New Jersey (W. C. Holmes 1981); no further records for New Jersey are known.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
The name Mikania scandens was once used to refer to most of the slender twiners with sagittate, hastate, or cordate leaf bases and corymbiform capitulescences in tropical and temperate America. As a result of work of B. L. Robinson (1934), the name is now used to refer to plants distributed primarily in eastern United States.
Mikania scandens was reported as occurring in Ontario, Canada (M. L. Fernald 1950; J. A. Steyermark 1963); it has been deleted from the flora of Canada (H. J. Scoggan 1978–1979, part 4). The Canadian reports were seemingly based upon misdeterminations and/or “too loose an application of that name with respect to present political boundaries.” Records of M. scandens from along the Ohio River, Hamilton County, Ohio, are apparently based on non-persistent introductions; the species is apparently extirpated from Indiana, Maine, and Michigan.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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