Mentzelia pectinata |
Mentzelia floridana |
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San Joaquin blazing star |
Florida stickleaf, poorman's patch, poorman's patches |
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Habit | Plants candelabra-form, (8–)20–50(–60) cm. | Plants perennial, with caudices. |
Stems | erect, becoming decumbent, to 60 cm. |
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Leaves | petiole to 25 mm; blade usually hastate or ovate, distal sometimes elliptic, basally lobed or unlobed, to 8.4 × 5.5 cm, base usually truncate, sometimes obtusely cuneate, margins usually serrate or dentate to crenate, sometimes entire, apex acute. |
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Basal leaves | persisting; petiole present or absent; blade lanceolate to linear, margins deeply to shallowly lobed. |
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Cauline leaves | petiole absent; blade ovate to linear, to 12 cm, margins deeply lobed to dentate. |
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Bracts | green, ovate to lanceolate, 6.6–12.8 × 1.9–6.8 mm, width 1/5–2/3 length, not concealing capsule, margins 3–7-lobed. |
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Pedicels | (fruiting) 0.6–4 × less than 1 mm. |
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Flowers | sepals 3–13 mm; petals red to orange proximally, orange to yellow distally, 8–22 mm, apex mucronate, rounded, or retuse; stamens 20+, 4–11 mm, filaments monomorphic, filiform, unlobed; styles 5–13 mm. |
petals creamy yellow to orange, 6.5–13 × 3.5–7 mm, apex cuspidate, hairy on apex; stamens 20–35, 6–11 mm, filaments heteromorphic, 5 outermost narrowly spatulate, inner filiform; style 8–10 mm. |
Capsules | clavate, 12–35 × 2–4 mm, axillary curved to 90° at maturity, usually inconspicuously longitudinally ribbed. |
usually lingulate to funnelform, rarely ovoid, 10–18 × 4–5.8 mm, base rounded or cuneate, capsule and pedicel well-differentiated. |
Seeds | 20–40, in 2+ rows distal to mid fruit, tan, dark-mottled or not, usually irregularly polygonal, occasionally triangular prisms proximal to mid fruit, surface tuberculate under 10x magnification; recurved flap over hilum absent; seed coat cell outer periclinal wall domed, domes on seed edges more than 1/2 as tall as wide at maturity. |
(4–)6–8 per capsule, pyriform, without transverse folds. |
2n | = 18. |
= 20. |
Mentzelia pectinata |
Mentzelia floridana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Sep–May. |
Habitat | Slopes of sandy or gray-white silty soils, grasslands, oak savannas, uncommonly juniper woodlands. | Beaches, dunes, sand flats along ocean and rivers, coastal hammocks, disturbed areas, roadsides, shell mounds. |
Elevation | 200–1400 m. (700–4600 ft.) | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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FL; West Indies (Bahamas) |
Discussion | Mentzelia pectinata occurs in Kern, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Tulare counties, around the southern rim of the San Joaquin Valley, extending into the Inner Coast Ranges and the southern foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Petal color varies from orange to yellow, and fully fertile artificial hybrids have been obtained between populations representing the extreme phenotypes (J. E. Zavortink 1966). Phylogenetic studies suggest that M. pectinata and M. congesta have hybridized to form several allopolyploid species (J. M. Brokaw and L. Hufford 2010b) despite their current allopatric distributions. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Mentzelia floridana, which is widespread in peninsular Florida, belongs to a clade restricted to the Gulf coastal and Caribbean region; it is most closely related to M. gracilis Urban & Gilg of Mexico and to M. lindheimeri of Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 541. | FNA vol. 12, p. 528. |
Parent taxa | Loasaceae > Mentzelia > sect. Trachyphytum | Loasaceae > Mentzelia > sect. Mentzelia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Kellogg: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 40, fig. 9. (1863) | Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 533. (1840) |
Web links |