Mentzelia obscura |
Mentzelia pachyrhiza |
|
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Pacific blazing star |
big-root stickleaf, Coahuila blazingstar |
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Habit | Plants candelabra-form, 8–45 cm. | Plants perennial, with tubers. |
Stems | erect, to 50 cm. |
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Leaves | petiole mostly 3–20 mm, less than 3 mm only on smallest, distalmost leaves; blade ovate to hastate, basally lobed or unlobed, to 4 × 3 cm, base usually acute to obtuse, sometimes attenuate or hastate, margins usually serrate, sometimes crenate, apex acute. |
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Basal leaves | persisting; petiole present or absent; blade linear-lanceolate to linear, margins usually irregularly deeply lobed, lobes pointed. |
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Cauline leaves | petiole absent; blade ovate-lanceolate to linear, to 15(–22) cm, margins few-lobed or entire. |
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Bracts | green, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 2.9–8.2 × 1.1–1.9 mm, width 1/8–1/2 length, not concealing capsule, margins entire. |
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Pedicels | (fruiting) (0–)2 × 2 mm. |
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Flowers | sepals 2–6 mm; petals yellow to orange proximally, yellow distally, 3–8 mm, apex rounded or acute apex; stamens 20–40, 2–7 mm, filaments monomorphic, filiform, unlobed; styles 2–6 mm. |
petals orange, 5–11.5 × 3–5 mm, apex acute to rounded, hairy abaxially on distal 1/2; stamens 15–45, 4–8 mm, filaments usually monomorphic, filiform, rarely heteromorphic, outermost slightly spatulate, inner filiform; style 3–7.5 mm. |
Capsules | clavate, 11–31 × 1.5–3 mm, axillary curved to 250° at maturity, usually inconspicuously longitudinally ribbed. |
subcylindric to clavate, 6–10 × 1.5–2.3 mm, base tapering gradually, capsule and pedicel not well-differentiated, walls thin, brittle. |
Seeds | 15–50, in 2+ rows distal to mid fruit, tan, usually not, occasionally sparsely, dark-mottled, usually irregularly polygonal, occasionally triangular prisms proximal to mid fruit, surface colliculate under 10x magnification; recurved flap over hilum absent; seed coat cell outer periclinal wall domed, domes on seed edges less than 1/2 as tall as wide at maturity. |
2–3 per capsule, oblong, with transverse folds. |
2n | = 36. |
= 22. |
Mentzelia obscura |
Mentzelia pachyrhiza |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–May. | Flowering May–Nov. |
Habitat | Sandy to rocky washes or slopes, desert scrub, Joshua-tree woodlands, roadsides. | Steep limestone cliffs, gravelly slopes of gypseous clayey soils, desert scrub and Larrea communities. |
Elevation | 200–1700 m. (700–5600 ft.) | 900–2000 m. (3000–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
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TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León) |
Discussion | Mentzelia obscura is morphologically intermediate to M. desertorum and M. albicaulis and is known to occur in mixed populations with both species. Reliable discrimination among these species usually requires mature seeds. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Mentzelia pachyrhiza, native to the Chihuahuan Desert, reaches the flora area only in southern Brewster and Presidio counties. In southwestern Texas and northeastern Chihuahua, where M. pachyrhiza and M. oligosperma have overlapping ranges, H. J. Thompson and A. M. Powell (1981) reported that the former was found at elevations usually below 1100 meters in the Larrea zone, below the elevation of junipers and M. oligosperma. Thompson and Powell allied M. pachyrhiza with M. oligosperma and the South American M. grisebachii Urban & Gilg, now treated as a synonym of M. parvifolia Urban & Gilg ex Kurtz (M. Weigend 2007b). This placement is consistent with phylogenetic studies (J. Grissom and L. Hufford, unpubl.), which show that M. pachyrhiza is the sister species of M. parvifolia; they together are the sister of M. oligosperma and the Mexican M. pattersonii B. L. Turner. I. M. Johnston’s (1940) assertion that the large tuber of M. pachyrhiza is unique in sect. Mentzelia is incorrect. Tubers, often carrot-shaped, are common among the perennial species of the section. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 540. | FNA vol. 12, p. 529. |
Parent taxa | Loasaceae > Mentzelia > sect. Trachyphytum | Loasaceae > Mentzelia > sect. Mentzelia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | H. J. Thompson & J. E. Roberts: Phytologia 21: 284. (1971) | I. M. Johnston: J. Arnold Arbor. 21: 71. (1940) |
Web links |