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molasses grass

Natal grass, Natal red top, rose Natal grass

Habit Plants perennial; cespitose; aromatic. Plants annuals or short-lived perennials.
Culms

(50)80-150 cm, branching and sprawling, often becoming matted, usually rooting at the lower nodes;

upper nodes appressed pubescent;

internodes glabrous basally, appressed pubescent distally.

(20)40-150 cm, decumbent, usually rooting at the lower nodes;

nodes pubescent;

internodes glabrous or with papillose-based hairs, hairs to 4.7 mm.

Sheaths

densely tomentose, hairs 0.5-5.2 mm, spreading, papillose-based, often sticky and smelling of linseed oil;

ligules of hairs, 1-2 mm;

blades 3.5-19 cm long, 4-14 mm wide, flat, pubescent, hairs sometimes papillose-based.

glabrous or with papillose-based hairs, hairs 0.5-4.7 mm;

ligules of hairs, 0.7-2.2 mm;

blades 3.6-27 cm long, 2-9(14) mm wide, flat, glabrous or pubescent, with or without papillose-based hairs.

Panicles

(4.5)7-20 cm long, 1-9.5 cm wide, narrowly ovate;

primary branches to 8 cm;

pedicels usually shorter than the spikelets, glabrous, scabridulous.

(4)6-22 cm long, (1.5)2.5-12 cm wide;

primary branches to 11 cm, ends of the primary branches, secondary branches, and pedicels capillary;

pedicels 0.6-5.3 mm, usually hairy distally, hairs to 6.3 mm.

Spikelets

1.7-2.4 mm, usually purplish;

calluses glabrous.

2-5.7 mm;

calluses hairy, hairs to 4 mm.

Lower glumes

absent or to 0.3 mm, glabrous, scabridulous;

upper glumes 1.6-2.4 mm, glabrous, unawned, sometimes muticous;

lower florets sterile;

lower lemmas bilobed, lobes 0.2-0.7 mm, unawned or awned, awns to 18 mm;

lower paleas absent;

upper lemmas 1.4-1.9 mm, glabrous;

upper paleas 1.5-1.9 mm, usually slightly longer than the upper lemmas;

anthers 3, 1-1.5 mm, reddish-brown to orange.

0-1.7 mm, pubescent, sometimes with papillose-based hairs, apices rounded, truncate, or slightly cleft;

upper glumes (1.9)2.3-4.9 mm, enclosing the upper florets, gibbous basally, densely pubescent, hairs to 7 mm, sometimes papillose-based, varying from white to rose or darkish purple, apices tapering, beaked, glabrous, unawned or awned, awns to 4.1 mm;

lower florets staminate or sterile;

lower lemmas 1.9-4.8 mm, unawned or with awns to 4.2 mm;

lower paleas 0.9-4 mm;

anthers (0.8)1.5-2.6 mm, orange-brown to orange;

upper lemmas 1.8-2.7 mm, glabrous;

anthers 3, 1.2-1.7 mm, orange-brown to orange.

Caryopses

0.9-1.2 mm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide.

1.3-1.9 mm long, 0.6-0.9 mm wide.

2n

= 36.

= 36.

Melinis minutiflora

Melinis repens

Distribution
from FNA
FL; HI; PR
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; FL; GA; LA; MD; NC; NM; TX; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Melinis minutiflora is native to Africa, but has been introduced throughout the tropics as a forage crop. It is now regarded as a serious weed in many places. In the Flora region, it is only known to be established in southern Florida.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Melinis repens is probably native to Africa and western Asia. It is now established throughout the subtropics, including the southern portion of the Flora region. It has been grown as an ornamental, but it is now established and often weedy in warmer portions of the region.

Plants in the Flora region belong to Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka subsp. repens.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 490. Treatment author: J.K. Wipff. FNA vol. 25, p. 490. Treatment author: J.K. Wipff.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Melinis Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Melinis
Sibling taxa
M. nerviglumis, M. repens
M. minutiflora, M. nerviglumis
Synonyms Rhynchelytrum roseum, Rhynchelytrum repens
Name authority P. Beauv. (Willd.) Zizka
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