The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

common melilot, field or rib or yellow melilot, rib melilot, sweetclover, yellow melilot, yellow sweet-clover

furrowed melilot, grooved melilot, Mediterranean sweetclover

Habit Herbs usually biennial, sometimes annual, (15–)30–280 cm. Herbs annual, 10–70 cm.
Stems

decumbent to erect.

erect or ascending.

Leaves

stipules lanceolate or subulate, 3–6(–12) mm, margins entire;

leaflet blades obovate, obovate-oblong, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 8–25 × 4–15 mm, margins dentate.

stipules ovate-acuminate or subulate, 5–10 mm, margins dentate (mostly at base);

leaflet blades obovate, oblanceolate, or oblong-cuneate, 10–25 × 5–12 mm, margins dentate.

Racemes

30–70(–80)–flowered.

(5–)8–20(–50)-flowered.

Pedicels

(1.5–)2–2.5 mm.

1–2 mm.

Flowers

4–7 mm;

corolla yellow;

ovary glabrous.

(2.5–)3–4(–8) mm;

corolla yellow;

ovary glabrous.

Legumes

ovoid, 2.5–5 mm, transversely rugose, areoles notably elongated, glabrous.

globose or ovoid, (2–)3–4(–5.5) mm, concentrically striate-veined, glabrous.

Seeds

1 (or 2), ovoid, obovoid, or ellipsoid, (1.5–)1.8–2(–2.5) mm.

1(or 2), oblong-subglobose or ovoid, (2–)2.5–3(–3.5) mm.

2n

= 16.

= 16 [Eurasia].

Melilotus officinalis

Melilotus sulcatus

Phenology Flowering spring–fall. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Grasslands, slopes, plains, hillsides, waste places, roadsides, cultivated fields. Ruderal areas.
Elevation 0–3100 m. (0–10200 ft.) 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America, Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; NJ; PA; Europe; Asia; Africa [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Melilotus officinalis is occasionally grown as a forage crop, but it is generally considered to be an undesirable weed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In Europe, Melilotus sulcatus appears to intergrade or at least hybridize with M. infestus Gussone [M. sulcatus subsp. infestus (Gussone) Bonnier & Layens] and M. segetalis (Brotero) Seringe [M. sulcatus subsp. segetalis (Brotero) P. Fournier].

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Melilotus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Melilotus
Sibling taxa
M. albus, M. altissimus, M. indicus, M. sulcatus, M. wolgicus
M. albus, M. altissimus, M. indicus, M. officinalis, M. wolgicus
Synonyms Trifolium officinale, Trigonella officinalis Trigonella sulcata
Name authority (Linnaeus) Lamarck: Fl. Franç. 2: 594. (1779) Desfontaines: Fl. Atlant. 2: 193. (1799) — (as sulcata)
Web links