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broad-leaf paperbark, niauoli, punk tree

crimson bottlebrush

Habit Trees, 1–18 m; bark papery. Shrubs, 1–5 m; bark fibrous or hard-papery.
Leaves

alternate;

blade usually narrowly elliptic to elliptic, rarely somewhat falcate, 5.5–12 × 1–3.1 cm, veins 5–7, longitudinal, surfaces glabrescent.

alternate;

blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic or narrowly obovate, 2.6–9.9 × 0.5–2.5 cm, veins pinnate, surfaces glabrescent.

Inflorescences

15–54-flowered, flowers in triads, pseudoterminal, sometimes also axillary distally, to 40 mm wide.

(10–)20–80-flowered, flowers in monads, pseudoterminal, sometimes also axillary distally, 45–70 mm wide.

Flowers

calyx lobes glabrous abaxially, margins scarious, 0.3–0.4 mm wide;

petals deciduous, 2.5–3.5 mm;

filaments connate in bundles of 5–10, white, cream, greenish white, green, creamy white, or creamy yellow, 10.5–20 mm, bundle claw 0.9–2.5 mm;

style 11–18 mm;

ovules ca. 50–65 per locule.

calyx lobes hairy abaxially, sometimes only marginally, margins scarious, 0.5–0.6 mm wide, or herbaceous;

petals deciduous, 3.9–5.8 mm;

filaments distinct, 30–45 per flower, red or mauve, 17–25 mm;

style 23–31 mm;

ovules 170–300 per locule.

Capsules

2.7–4 mm.

4.4–7 mm.

Cotyledons

obvolute.

obvolute.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Melaleuca quinquenervia

Melaleuca citrina

Phenology Flowering year-round (commonly in fall). Flowering spring.
Habitat Disturbed riparian areas.
Elevation 0–30 m. (0–100 ft.) 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; LA; Asia (Malesia); Pacific Islands (New Caledonia); Australia [Introduced in North America; introduced also elsewhere in Pacific Islands (Hawaii), widely elsewhere]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; LA; Australia [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Melaleuca quinquenervia is a serious woody weed of wetland habitats in Florida and Louisiana. Mechanical control has not been successful and research in recent years has been focused upon biological control.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Melaleuca citrina is widely cultivated for its showy flowers; it hybridizes with other species of bottlebrush and there are many named cultivars.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Myrtaceae > Melaleuca Myrtaceae > Melaleuca
Sibling taxa
M. citrina, M. linariifolia, M. viminalis
M. linariifolia, M. quinquenervia, M. viminalis
Synonyms Metrosideros quinquenervia Metrosideroscitrina curtis, Callistemon citrinus
Name authority (Cavanilles) S. T. Blake: Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 69: 76. (1958) (Curtis) Dumont de Courset: Bot. Cult. 3: 282. (1802)
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