Flora of North America species comparison

prostrate to erect.

procumbent to ascending.

blades obovate to linear or oblanceolate, 5–35 × 2–15 mm, margins serrate distally.

blades cuneate, obovate, or obcordate, 8–25 × 7–20 mm, margins serrate on distal 1/3, often with conspicuous central, purple-red (anthocyanin) blotch adaxially.

3–30(–50)-flowered, racemes.

(1 or)2–5(–8)-flowered, racemes.

5–15 mm;

calyx glabrous or pubescent, hairs eglandular or glandular, lobes equal to tube;

corolla usually purple, yellow, or variegated yellow-violet, rarely violet, green, or white, [yellow-orange, pink], 2 times length of calyx.

4–5(–6) mm;

calyx pubescent, hairs eglandular, sometimes multicellular and gland-tipped, lobes equal to or longer than tube;

corolla yellow, 2 times length of calyx.

curved or with 1.5–6 coils, falcate when curved, lenticular, ovoid, or cylindrical when coiled, 7–15 × 1.5–3 mm when falcate, 4–14 × 3–9 mm when coiled, glabrescent or pubescent with eglandular and/or glandular hairs;

face veins (when coiled) oblique from ventral suture, slightly branched, fusing towards dorsal suture.

with 3–5(–7) coils, shortly ellipsoid to subglobose (ends rounded), or discoid to cylindriform (ends flattened), (4–)5–9 × (4–)5–7(–8) mm, glabrous, margin usually prickly, sometimes tuberculate, prickles, when present, often relatively thin and flexible, base 2-rooted, 1 root arising in dorsal suture, other in submarginal vein;

faces soft, coil face with venation anastomosing considerably on outer 1/3, coil edge in end view shows central groove flanked by lateral grooves to form pattern of 3 grooves separating 4 ridges, not visible in side view of coil.

2–12, yellow, brownish, greenish yellow, or violet-brown, reniform, 1–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm.

2+, yellow or yellow-brown, reniform, 2–3.5 × 1.2–1.5 mm;

radicle usually slightly more than 1/2 seed length.

margins entire or basally toothed.

margins deeply dentate to lobed.

= 16, 32.

= 16.