Flora of North America species comparison

procumbent to ascending.

usually procumbent, sometimes ascending.

blades cuneate, obovate, or obcordate, 8–25 × 7–20 mm, margins serrate on distal 1/3, often with conspicuous central, purple-red (anthocyanin) blotch adaxially.

blades obovate to cuneate, 7–13 × 5–10 mm, margins serrate on distal 1/3–2/3.

(1 or)2–5(–8)-flowered, racemes.

1- or 2(–5)-flowered, racemes, usually 1 pod developing on each peduncle.

4–5(–6) mm;

calyx pubescent, hairs eglandular, sometimes multicellular and gland-tipped, lobes equal to or longer than tube;

corolla yellow, 2 times length of calyx.

3–4(–6) mm;

calyx glabrous or sparsely hairy, hairs eglandular, lobes equal to tube;

corolla yellow, to 2 times length of calyx.

with 3–5(–7) coils, shortly ellipsoid to subglobose (ends rounded), or discoid to cylindriform (ends flattened), (4–)5–9 × (4–)5–7(–8) mm, glabrous, margin usually prickly, sometimes tuberculate, prickles, when present, often relatively thin and flexible, base 2-rooted, 1 root arising in dorsal suture, other in submarginal vein;

faces soft, coil face with venation anastomosing considerably on outer 1/3, coil edge in end view shows central groove flanked by lateral grooves to form pattern of 3 grooves separating 4 ridges, not visible in side view of coil.

with (2–)3–7 coils, lenticular or discoid, 5–10 × 8–20(–24) mm, coil edges papery at margins, glabrous, glabrescent, sometimes hairs gland-tipped;

coil face with fusing radial veins, often thickened at coil margin.

2+, yellow or yellow-brown, reniform, 2–3.5 × 1.2–1.5 mm;

radicle usually slightly more than 1/2 seed length.

9–30, yellow, brownish yellow or reddish brown, triangular, 2.5–3 × 2.5–3 mm.

margins deeply dentate to lobed.

margins laciniate.

= 16.

= 16.