Flora of North America species comparison

long-creeping and climbing trees, stolons absent.

strongly dimorphic, fertile leaves greatly contracted, evergreen.

± equaling length of blade, base not swollen;

vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in an arc, ± round in cross section.

deltate, 3–4-pinnate-pinnatifid, gradually reduced distally to pinnatifid apex, somewhat leathery.

not articulate to rachis, segment margins dentate to lobed;

proximal pinnae largest or nearly so, petiolulate, ± equilateral or inequilateral, basiscopic side with pinnules longer than on acroscopic side;

costae adaxially deeply grooved, grooves continuous from rachis to costae to costules;

indument of transparent hairs along costae on both sides, also with a few linear scales abaxially on costae.

free, simple or forked.

in 1 row between midrib and margin, round;

indusia round-reniform with shallow sinus, persistent.

brownish, spiny to broadly rugose.

= 41.