Manihot grahamii
Manihot davisiae
Graham's manihot, Graham's manihot or cassava, hardy tapioca
Arizona manihot, pata de gallo
erect, angled when young;
nodes not swollen;
leaf and stipule scars not elevated.
erect, terete when young;
nodes not swollen;
leaf and stipule scars not elevated.
deciduous;
stipules linear, remotely serrate;
petiole 5–33 cm;
blade basally attached, 5–13-lobed, median and adjacent lobes with pair of weakly defined rounded secondary lobes distal to middle, lateral lobes without secondary lobes, median lobe 5–24 cm, margins neither thickened nor revolute, entire, apex acuminate, surface glabrous, abaxial smooth.
stipules lanceolate, entire;
petiole 2–9 cm;
blade basally attached, 5–7-lobed, lobes with rounded secondary lobes distal to middle or with 2 pairs of rounded secondary lobes of nearly equal width proximal and distal to middle, median lobe 4–11 cm, margins neither thickened nor revolute, entire, apex acuminate, surfaces glabrous, abaxial smooth.
axillary, panicles, to 30 cm.
axillary, racemes, to 8 cm.
staminate 4–10 mm; pistillate 10–40 mm in fruit, straight.
staminate 4–9 mm; pistillate to 15 mm in fruit, downcurved.
calyx campanulate, 10–15 mm, lobes erect or spreading;
stamens 10.
calyx campanulate, 7–15 mm, lobes erect or spreading;
stamens 10.
1.8 cm, smooth, not winged.
1.5 cm, nearly smooth, not winged.
oblong, 10–12 mm.
globose, 12 mm.
Manihot grahamii
Manihot davisiae
Manihot grahamii is native to northern Argentina, southeastern Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, and is sometimes cultivated for its distinctive, attractive foliage. The flowers are relatively inconspicuous, but are much-visited by bees. This is the most cold-tolerant Manihot species; above-ground stems survive light frosts and if severe cold kills the aerial shoot system outright, new stems can regenerate from underground parts. It survives well and self-sows in garden settings as far north as tidewater Virginia; northern limits for the persistence of plants escaping from cultivation have yet to be established. In addition to characteristics noted in the key, herbarium specimens frequently exhibit contracted petiole bases.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
In the flora area, Manihot davisiae is limited to Pima and Santa Cruz counties.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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