Manfreda virginica |
Manfreda variegata |
|
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false aloe, rattlesnake master, Virginian agave |
amole, huaco, mottled tuberose |
|
Rhizomes | cylindrical. |
globose. |
Leaves | spreading, semisucculent, 8–40(–47) × 0.5–6.5(–9.3) cm; blade usually spotted or speckled with maroon, shallowly channeled, oblanceolate to linear-lanceolate, margins entire or with cartilaginous prickles. |
erect-arching, succulent, 14–45 × 1–2.7(–3.9 in cultivated specimens) cm; blade sometimes spotted with elongate brown or green markings, sometimes glaucous, deeply channeled, linear-lanceolate, margins usually with small, distantly spaced teeth. |
Scape | 4.5 13.8 dm. |
4.7–10.8 dm (–13.3 in cultivation). |
Inflorescences | 14–68 cm, bearing 10–61 closely spaced flowers. |
lax, (0.75–)1.4–2.9 dm (–4.8 dm in cultivation), bearing 7–41 distantly spaced flowers. |
Flowers | sessile or pedicellate, nearly erect, slender, with sweet, fruity odor; tepals green; perianth tube 0.9–2.3 × 0.3–0.6 cm; limb lobes erect, 0.4–0.8 cm; filaments inserted near base of tube, bent in bud, exceeding tube by 1.2–3.1 cm; ovary 4–10 mm; style shorter than stamens, exceeding tube by 0.6–2.3 cm; stigma white, 3-lobed, lobes reflexed. |
sessile, spreading, with cooked onion odor; tepals green or mahogany brown; perianth tube broadly funnelform-campanulate, 0.6–1.6 cm; limb lobes recurved, yellowish green or brownish, (0.6–)0.9–1.6 cm; filaments wide-spreading at maturity, bent near middle in bud, exceeding tube by 3–6.5(–8.2) cm; ovary 9–19 mm; style ± equal to stamens; stigma pale green or brownish, clavate-triangular, 3-angled, furrowed apically, lobes not reflexed. |
Capsules | globose, 1–1.7 cm diam. 2n = 60. |
globose to cylindrical, 1.6–1.8(–2.5) × 1.3–1.6 cm. |
Manfreda virginica |
Manfreda variegata |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer–late summer, rarely in spring; fruiting late summer–early fall. | Flowering Feb–Jun; flowering period of inflorescences extending up to 40 days; fruiting early summer–mid fall, ca 75 days after flowering begins. |
Habitat | Glades and open woods, on rocky and sandy soils, often on slopes | Dry chaparral or moist situations, on rocky slopes, open or dense oak woods in Mexico |
Elevation | 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
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TX; Mexico (Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, and s along e Sierra Madre Oriental to Veracruz, Yucatán) |
Discussion | Leaf shape and size in Manfreda virginica vary with soil type, amount of shade, length of cold period, and position of leaf in the rosette. Speckles and spots occur frequently on some leaves in most populations, and some authors have used the informal designation “forma tigrina for such variants. Pollination is primarily by sphinx moths (S. E. Verhoek 1978). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Manfreda variegata is occasionally cultivated as an ornamental (S. E. Verhoek 1978). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 463. | FNA vol. 26, p. 464. |
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Manfreda | Agavaceae > Manfreda |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Agave virginica, Agave lata, Agave tigrina, Agave virginica var. tigrina, M. tigrina, M. virginica subsp. lata, M. virginica var. tigrina, Polianthes lata, Polianthes virginica | Agave variegata, M. tamazunchalensis, M. xilitlensis, Polianthes variegata |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Salisbury ex Rose: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8: 19. (1903) | (Jacobi) Rose: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8: 20. (1903) |
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