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common mallow, garden mallow, high mallow, mauve des bois

dwarf mallow, low mallow, mauve à feuilles rondes, small mallow

Habit Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial, 0.5—1.5(–3) m, hairy to glabrate, hairs simple and stellate. Herbs, usually annual, rarely biennial or perennial, 0.2–0.6 m, trailing stems sometimes to 1 m, sparsely hairy, hairs usually simple and stellate.
Stems

erect or ascending, glabrous or sparsely hairy, hairs both simple and stellate.

trailing to ascending, hairs usually both simple and stellate.

Leaves

stipules persistent, lanceolate to ovate-triangular, 3–5(–8) × 3 mm;

petiole 1/2 to 1 1/2 times as long as blade, pubescent in adaxial groove, otherwise glabrous;

blade reniform to suborbiculate-cordate, unlobed or shallowly 3–7-lobed, sinuses to 1/2 to base, (2–)5–10(–14) × (2–)5–10(–14) cm, base cordate to ± truncate, lobes semicircular to oblong, margins crenate, apex rounded to wide-acute, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy, hairs simple or stellate.

stipules persistent, narrowly to ovate-triangular, 3–5(–6) × 2–3 mm;

petiole on proximal and midstem leaves to 3 times as long as blade, usually 2 times longer on distal leaves, sparsely hairy, hairs simple and stellate;

blade cordate to broadly reniform, unlobed or broadly and very shallowly 5-lobed, 1–5 × 1–5 cm, base cordate, margins finely crenate or dentate, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy.

Inflorescences

axillary, flowers solitary or in 2–4-flowered fascicles, long-stalked.

axillary, flowers solitary or in 2–10-flowered fascicles (compact cymes), obviously stalked.

Pedicels

1–2.5 cm, 1–4.5 cm in fruit, much longer than calyx, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy;

involucellar bractlets distinct, sometimes adnate to calyx in basal 1 mm, oblong-lanceolate to elliptic or narrowly obovate, reticulate-veined, (3–)4–5(–7) × 2.5–4 mm, shorter than calyx, margins entire, surfaces glabrous, sparsely ciliate.

0.4–0.5 cm, to 1–2.4 cm in fruit, slender and flexible, sparsely hairy, hairs simple and stellate;

involucellar bractlets distinct, not adnate to calyx, linear to lanceolate, 3–4 × 0.5 mm, shorter than calyx, margins entire, surfaces sparsely ciliate and stellate-puberulent.

Flowers

calyx reticulate-veined, 5–6 mm, to 10 mm in fruit, lobes incompletely enclosing mericarps, stellate-puberulent;

petals pink to purple or reddish purple with darker veins, usually drying blue, (12–)16–30(–45) mm, length 2 1/2–3(–4) times calyx;

staminal column 5 mm, minutely, retrorsely stellate-puberulent;

style 10–12-branched;

stigmas 10–12.

calyx 3–5 mm, 5–6 mm in fruit, lobes incompletely enclosing mericarps, mostly hispid, hairs both simple and stellate, conspicuously long-ciliate, lobes not obviously veined;

petals pale pink or nearly white, drying pinkish or whitish, or faded, veins not darker, 3–6 mm, subequal to slightly longer than calyx;

staminal column 1–1.5 mm, glabrous;

style 10- or 11-branched;

stigmas 10 or 11.

Seeds

1.5–2.2 mm.

1–1.5 mm.

Schizocarps

7 mm diam.;

mericarps 10–12, 2–2.5 mm, margins sharp, not winged, sides thin and papery, with radiating veins, surface strongly to obscurely reticulate-wrinkled, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy.

5–7 mm diam.;

mericarps 10 or 11, 1.5–2 mm, margins sharply angled, toothed, not winged, lateral faces radially veined, apical surface strongly rugose-reticulate ridged, surface glabrate or sparsely stellate-puberulent.

2n

= 42.

= 42.

Malva sylvestris

Malva pusilla

Phenology Flowering mostly Apr–Oct. Flowering May–Oct.
Habitat Disturbed areas, roadsides, farm yards, pastures Disturbed sites
Elevation 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) 100–1000 m (300–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK; Europe; temperate Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, Central America (Guatemala, Honduras), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
IA; IL; KS; MA; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; OR; PA; SD; VA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Malva sylvestris is native throughout Europe except in the extreme north and into temperate Asia and northern Africa and is widely cultivated for food and ornament. It is the most commonly cultivated Malva in most of the

United States. It is not very tolerant of hot, arid conditions. It is variable in habit, indument, leaf shape, and corolla size and color; most variants originated as selections/cultivars. The flowers and fruits indicate its close relationship with M. nicaeensis; the upright habit and much larger flowers allow an easy distinction.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Malva pusilla appears to be more cold-tolerant than M. neglecta and is often confused with it and tends to replace it in the north. In most older treatments, it was included within M. rotundifolia, a name rejected because of its inconsistent use for this as well as for M. neglecta and other species. Reports of M. pusilla in older floras of California and some southern states probably are based on misidentifications. It is found only occasionally but it is probably more widely distributed in the flora area than the records indicate.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 292. FNA vol. 6, p. 292.
Parent taxa Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Malva Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Malva
Sibling taxa
M. alcea, M. arborea, M. assurgentiflora, M. moschata, M. neglecta, M. nicaeensis, M. parviflora, M. pseudolavatera, M. pusilla, M. verticillata
M. alcea, M. arborea, M. assurgentiflora, M. moschata, M. neglecta, M. nicaeensis, M. parviflora, M. pseudolavatera, M. sylvestris, M. verticillata
Synonyms M. mauritiana, M. sylvestris var. mauritiana
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 689. (1753) Smith: in J. E. Smith et al., Engl. Bot. 4: plate 241. (1795)
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