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alkali mallow, cheeseweed, cheeseweed mallow, little mallow, mauve parviflore, small-flower mallow, small-whorl mallow

bull mallow

Habit Herbs, annual, 0.2–0.8 m. Herbs, annual or biennial, 0.2–0.6 m, sparsely to densely hairy, hairs both simple and stellate.
Stems

usually erect or ascending, rarely decumbent, wide-branched, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy distally.

procumbent or trailing to ascending, villous-hirsute.

Leaves

stipules persistent, broadly lanceolate, 4–5 × 2–3 mm;

petiole 2–3(–4) times as long as blade;

blade suborbiculate-cordate or reniform, mostly shallowly 5–7-lobed or angled, 2–8(–10) × 2–8(–10) cm, base cordate (to nearly truncate), lobes deltate or rounded, margins evenly crenate, apex rounded to broadly acute, surfaces glabrous or hairy, especially at base, hairs simple and stellate.

stipules persistent, ovate to broadly ovate, 4–6 × 3–5 mm;

petiole 2–5 times as long as blade;

blade semicircular or reniform, 2–4 × 2–4 cm, sometimes to 12 cm in young plants, base cordate to nearly truncate, distalmost leaves sometimes wide-cuneate, margins crenate or dentate, undulate, or with 5–7 shallow, lobes, apex obtuse, rounded, or acute, surfaces sparsely hairy, hairs simple.

Inflorescences

axillary, flowers solitary or in 2–4-flowered fascicles.

stellate;

petals pink to lavender, drying bluish, usually with darker veins, 5–15 mm, subequal to or length slightly less than 2 times calyx, glabrous or nearly so;

staminal column 2–2.5(–3) mm, densely, retrorsely puberulent, hairs simple;

style 7–10-branched;

stigmas 7–10.

Pedicels

0.2–0.4 cm, usually to 1 cm in fruit, shorter than calyx;

involucellar bractlets distinct, not adnate to calyx, linear to filiform, (1–)2–3 × 0.3 mm, shorter than calyx, margins entire, surfaces glabrous or slightly ciliate.

Flowers

calyx 3–4.5 mm, to 7–8 mm in fruit, glabrous or stellate-hairy, lobes wide-spreading outward in fruit, orbiculate-deltate, reticulate-veined, apex often abruptly acuminate, short-ciliate or not, scarious in fruit;

petals white to pale lilac, drying pinkish or whitish, or faded, veins not darker, 3–4.5(–5) mm, subequal to or only slightly longer than calyx, glabrous;

staminal column 1.5 mm, glabrous;

style 10- or 11-branched;

stigmas 10 or 11.

Seeds

1.5–2 mm.

dark brown, 2–2.5 mm.

Schizocarps

6–7 mm diam.;

mericarps 10 or 11, 2–2.5 mm, apical face strongly reticulate-wrinkled, sides appearing strongly, radially ribbed, margins sharp-edged, toothed, narrowly winged, surface glabrous or hairy.

6–7 mm diam.;

mericarps 7–10, 3 mm, thick, as wide as long, margins sharp-angled but not winged, conspicuously, deeply reticulate-pitted apically, surfaces densely hirsute or glabrous.

2n

= 42.

= 42.

Malva parviflora

Malva nicaeensis

Phenology Flowering year-round. Flowering year-round.
Habitat Disturbed, usually dry, warm sites Disturbed sites
Elevation 0–2500 m (0–8200 ft) 0–400(–1200) m (0–1300(–3900) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; FL; GA; IA; ID; KS; LA; MA; MD; MO; MT; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; SC; SD; TX; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; ON; PE; QC; SK; Eurasia (possibly as far east as India); n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, elsewhere in Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; CA; s Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America (Argentina, Chile), Atlantic Islands (Macaronesia), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Malva parviflora is native in southwestern Europe and the Mediterranean region to India; it is commonly introduced in many parts of the world. It is distinguished from similar species by its short petals (often equaling the calyx), the lack of darker lines on the petals, and the wide-spreading calyx lobes in fruit. The sharp-edged or winged mericarp with a conspicuously reticulate-pitted surface is likewise distinctive.

Malva parviflora is more heat-tolerant than most Malva species. It is especially common as a weed from California to Texas. Northern records should be checked because some may be based upon waifs and others may be based on misidentifications. In some older floras, M. parviflora was confused with M. rotundifolia, a name rejected because of its inconsistent use for this as well as for M. pusilla and other species. It is sometimes cultivated as a forage crop in semi-arid regions.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Malva nicaeensis has been collected as a waif in Massachusetts and New Jersey and has been reported in British Columbia and Montana; vouchers have not been found. One vouchered collection has been reported from Mobile County, Alabama. In the flora area, it is found most commonly in the Mediterranean climate of California. It may not be established elsewhere within our range. In some older treatments it was identified as or included within M. rotundifolia, a name rejected because of its inconsistent use for this as well as for M. pusilla and other species. It is similar to M. sylvestris, except for its decumbent habit and smaller flowers.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 291. FNA vol. 6, p. 290.
Parent taxa Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Malva Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Malva
Sibling taxa
M. alcea, M. arborea, M. assurgentiflora, M. moschata, M. neglecta, M. nicaeensis, M. pseudolavatera, M. pusilla, M. sylvestris, M. verticillata
M. alcea, M. arborea, M. assurgentiflora, M. moschata, M. neglecta, M. parviflora, M. pseudolavatera, M. pusilla, M. sylvestris, M. verticillata
Name authority Linnaeus: Demonstr. Pl., 18. (1753) Allioni: Fl. Pedem. 2: 40. (1785)
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