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island mallow, malva rosa

cheeses, cheeseweed, common mallow, dwarf mallow, mauve négligée

Habit Shrubs, 1–4 m, stellate-hairy to glabrate. Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial, 0.2–0.6 m, trailing stems sometimes to 1 m, usually sparsely stellate-hairy and with simple hairs.
Stems

erect to decumbent, base woody.

usually prostrate to ascending, sometimes trailing, sparsely stellate-hairy with simple hairs persistent on older stems.

Leaves

stipules early-deciduous, lanceolate to ovate, 2–4 × 0.6–1.5 mm, minutely stellate-puberulent;

petiole as long as or longer than blade;

blade free filaments 1–2 mm;

anthers on distal 1/2;

style 6–10-branched (same number as locules), purplish;

stigmas 6–10 (same number as locules), purplish.

stipules persistent, narrowly triangular, 3–6 × 2.5 mm, papery;

petiole usually 2–5 times as long as blade, gradually reduced distally;

blade reniform to orbiculate-cordate, unlobed or very shallowly 5–7-lobed, 1.5–3.5(–6) × 1–4(–5) cm, base cordate, margins crenate-dentate, apex obtuse or rounded, surfaces glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy.

Inflorescences

axillary, 2–6-flowered fascicles, long-stalked.

Pedicels

1–5 cm, usually 10+ mm in fruit, several times longer than calyx, slender and flexible in fruit;

involucellar bractlets distinct, not adnate to calyx, linear to narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 3–5(–6) × 1 mm, shorter than calyx, margins entire, surfaces sparsely stellate-puberulent and short-ciliate.

Flowers

calyx 4–7 mm, slightly accrescent, to 8 mm in fruit, lobes enclosing mericarps, not veined, triangular-ovate, stellate-hairy, ciliate;

petals pale lilac to whitish, drying pinkish or whitish, or faded, veins not darker, (6–)9–13 mm, length 2 times calyx, apex notched;

staminal column 4–4.5 mm, retrorsely stellate-puberulent;

style 12–15-branched;

stigmas 12–15 (same number as locules), purple.

Seeds

dark brown, 4 mm, nearly as thick as long, notch slight.

1–1.5 mm.

Schizocarps

12–16 mm diam.;

mericarps 6–10, 6–7 mm, apical face and margins sharp-edged, surfaces smooth to faintly ribbed, glabrous or puberulent on apical surface.

6 mm diam.;

mericarps 12–15, 1.5–2 mm, apical face and margins rounded-angled, not winged or toothed, sides thin and papery, smooth to slightly roughened or reticulate, surfaces puberulent apically.

2n

= ca. 40.

= 42.

Malva assurgentiflora

Malva neglecta

Phenology Flowering Feb–Jun and Sep–Oct, sporadically year-round. Flowering Apr–Oct.
Habitat Coastal bluffs, disturbed areas Disturbed areas, vacant lots, farm yards
Elevation 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) 0–2700 m (0–8900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA [Introduced in Mexico, Central America (Guatemala), South America (Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Chihuahua), West Indies (Dominican Republic), Central America (Panama), South America (Argentina, Brazil), s Asia (India, Pakistan), Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Malva assurgentiflora, traditionally placed in Lavatera, has long been cultivated as an ornamental or windbreak in California and is native only on the Channel Islands. It has become naturalized on the mainland as well as in Mexico and sparingly elsewhere. The shrubby habit, large flowers with dark-veined petals, and thick, hemispheric, fruits make it distinctive; it is our only native species of Malva. The petals are often recurved with age, and the corky mericarps float and are tolerant of salt water. Further study may indicate that there are two distinct subspecies, as suggested by R. N. Philbrick (1980).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Malva neglecta is the most commonly found mallow in most of North America. It has been introduced essentially worldwide in temperate areas and is usually considered a weed. In some older treatments, it was included within M. rotundifolia Linnaeus, a name rejected because of its inconsistent use for this species as well as for M. pusilla and other species. The immature, mucilaginous fruits are sometimes eaten; they have the appearance and texture of an old-fashioned wheel of cheese, hence one of the common names.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 288. FNA vol. 6, p. 290.
Parent taxa Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Malva Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Malva
Sibling taxa
M. alcea, M. arborea, M. moschata, M. neglecta, M. nicaeensis, M. parviflora, M. pseudolavatera, M. pusilla, M. sylvestris, M. verticillata
M. alcea, M. arborea, M. assurgentiflora, M. moschata, M. nicaeensis, M. parviflora, M. pseudolavatera, M. pusilla, M. sylvestris, M. verticillata
Synonyms Lavatera assurgentiflora, L. assurgentiflora subsp. glabra, Saviniona assurgentiflora, S. clementina, S. reticulata
Name authority (Kellogg) M. F. Ray: Novon 8: 290. (1998) Wallroth: in C. F. Hornschuch, Syll. Pl. Nov. 1: 140. (1824)
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