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green Adder's-mouth, green Adder's-mouth orchid, malaxis unifolié

Chiricahua Adder's-mouth orchid, mountain malaxis

Habit Plants 3–50 cm. Plants 11–60 cm.
Leaves

1(–2, rarely), near middle of stem;

blade bright green, glossy, narrowly to broadly ovate, keeled abaxially, 1.6–10 × 0.5–5 cm, apex acute.

1, at middle or proximal 1/3 of stem, sheathing leaf bases persistent, shredding;

blade ovate-elliptic or oblanceolate, keeled abaxially, 2.4–15 × 1–5.2(–6) cm, apex acute.

Inflorescences

racemes, appearing umbellate before elongation of rachis, 1–13 cm;

floral bracts triangular, 0.16–1.4 mm;

pedicels (3.8–)5–10(–13) mm.

spicate racemes, rachis thick, slightly ridged or fluted, 6–22 cm;

floral bracts triangular to lanceolate, 0.5–1 mm;

pedicels 1.3–1.7 mm.

Flowers

10–160, resupinate, green;

dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic, 1.1–1.9(–2.2) × 0.5–1 mm, apex acuminate;

lateral sepals oblong-elliptic, 1.1–1.9(–2.2) × 0.5–1 mm, apex acuminate;

petals strongly recurved, linear to filiform, slightly falcate, 0.8–1.7(–3) × 0.1–0.2(–0.3) mm;

lip rhombic-deltate to cordate-ovate or oblong-elliptic, 1.1–2.3 × 1–2.2 mm, base cordate or auriculate, auricles less than 0.6 times as long as distance from base of lip to apex of middle lobe, apex 3-dentate;

column 0.4–0.6 × 0.4–0.6 mm;

pollinia yellow.

40–160, not resupinate, green to yellowish green;

dorsal sepal ovate to elliptic, 1.5–2.8 × 0.8–1.3 mm, apex acuminate;

lateral sepals ovate to elliptic, falcate, 1.5–2.8 × 0.8–1.3 mm, apex acuminate;

petals strongly reflexed, filiform to linear, falcate, 1.3–2 × 0.2–0.3 mm, apex acuminate;

lip suborbiculate-ovate to subquadrangular-ovate, 1.5–2.8 × 1.3–2.2(–2.5) mm, base hastate-auriculate, apex obliquely 3-dentate or retuse with apiculum in sinus;

disc deeply concave, 5-veined;

column 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm;

pollinia yellow.

Capsules

spreading to slightly drooping, subglobose to ellipsoid, 8 × 4 mm.

ascending, ellipsoid, 7 × 3 mm.

Pseudobulbs

5–20 mm diam.

5–15 mm diam.

Malaxis unifolia

Malaxis soulei

Phenology Flowering spring–fall (south–north). Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat Swamps, bogs, sand barrens, heathlands, and dry woods Moist, wooded canyons and ravines, rocky open slopes, pine savannas
Elevation 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) 2000–3000 m (6600–9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Mexico; West Indies; n Central America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico; Central America
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Malaxis soulei grows in the Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, and Chiricahua mountains in Arizona, and in the Davis Mountains in Texas.

The flowers of Malaxis soulei are retained on the axis until the capsules are fully developed, unlike M. corymbosa and some other species where the flowers fall quickly if not fertilized. The apparently sessile flowers are a very distinctive characteristic of this species. The central apiculum of the lip may be obsolete, and the apex thus retuse.

The name Malaxis macrostachya has been applied to M. soulei (C. A. Luer 1975). It is a nomen confusum, however, and it is not clearly applicable to this species (L. O. Williams 1965).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 630. FNA vol. 26, p. 629.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Malaxideae > Malaxis Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Malaxideae > Malaxis
Sibling taxa
M. abieticola, M. bayardii, M. corymbosa, M. monophyllos, M. paludosa, M. porphyrea, M. soulei, M. spicata, M. wendtii
M. abieticola, M. bayardii, M. corymbosa, M. monophyllos, M. paludosa, M. porphyrea, M. spicata, M. unifolia, M. wendtii
Synonyms M. ophioglossoides, M. thlaspiformis, Microstylis grisebachiana Microstylis montana, Achroanthes montana, M. montana
Name authority Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 157. (1803) L. O. Williams: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 343. (1934)
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