Malaxis unifolia |
Malaxis soulei |
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green Adder's-mouth, green Adder's-mouth orchid, malaxis unifolié |
Chiricahua Adder's-mouth orchid, mountain malaxis |
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Habit | Plants 3–50 cm. | Plants 11–60 cm. |
Leaves | 1(–2, rarely), near middle of stem; blade bright green, glossy, narrowly to broadly ovate, keeled abaxially, 1.6–10 × 0.5–5 cm, apex acute. |
1, at middle or proximal 1/3 of stem, sheathing leaf bases persistent, shredding; blade ovate-elliptic or oblanceolate, keeled abaxially, 2.4–15 × 1–5.2(–6) cm, apex acute. |
Inflorescences | racemes, appearing umbellate before elongation of rachis, 1–13 cm; floral bracts triangular, 0.16–1.4 mm; pedicels (3.8–)5–10(–13) mm. |
spicate racemes, rachis thick, slightly ridged or fluted, 6–22 cm; floral bracts triangular to lanceolate, 0.5–1 mm; pedicels 1.3–1.7 mm. |
Flowers | 10–160, resupinate, green; dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic, 1.1–1.9(–2.2) × 0.5–1 mm, apex acuminate; lateral sepals oblong-elliptic, 1.1–1.9(–2.2) × 0.5–1 mm, apex acuminate; petals strongly recurved, linear to filiform, slightly falcate, 0.8–1.7(–3) × 0.1–0.2(–0.3) mm; lip rhombic-deltate to cordate-ovate or oblong-elliptic, 1.1–2.3 × 1–2.2 mm, base cordate or auriculate, auricles less than 0.6 times as long as distance from base of lip to apex of middle lobe, apex 3-dentate; column 0.4–0.6 × 0.4–0.6 mm; pollinia yellow. |
40–160, not resupinate, green to yellowish green; dorsal sepal ovate to elliptic, 1.5–2.8 × 0.8–1.3 mm, apex acuminate; lateral sepals ovate to elliptic, falcate, 1.5–2.8 × 0.8–1.3 mm, apex acuminate; petals strongly reflexed, filiform to linear, falcate, 1.3–2 × 0.2–0.3 mm, apex acuminate; lip suborbiculate-ovate to subquadrangular-ovate, 1.5–2.8 × 1.3–2.2(–2.5) mm, base hastate-auriculate, apex obliquely 3-dentate or retuse with apiculum in sinus; disc deeply concave, 5-veined; column 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm; pollinia yellow. |
Capsules | spreading to slightly drooping, subglobose to ellipsoid, 8 × 4 mm. |
ascending, ellipsoid, 7 × 3 mm. |
Pseudobulbs | 5–20 mm diam. |
5–15 mm diam. |
Malaxis unifolia |
Malaxis soulei |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–fall (south–north). | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Swamps, bogs, sand barrens, heathlands, and dry woods | Moist, wooded canyons and ravines, rocky open slopes, pine savannas |
Elevation | 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) | 2000–3000 m (6600–9800 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Mexico; West Indies; n Central America
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AZ; NM; TX; Mexico; Central America
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Discussion | Malaxis soulei grows in the Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, and Chiricahua mountains in Arizona, and in the Davis Mountains in Texas. The flowers of Malaxis soulei are retained on the axis until the capsules are fully developed, unlike M. corymbosa and some other species where the flowers fall quickly if not fertilized. The apparently sessile flowers are a very distinctive characteristic of this species. The central apiculum of the lip may be obsolete, and the apex thus retuse. The name Malaxis macrostachya has been applied to M. soulei (C. A. Luer 1975). It is a nomen confusum, however, and it is not clearly applicable to this species (L. O. Williams 1965). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 630. | FNA vol. 26, p. 629. |
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Malaxideae > Malaxis | Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Malaxideae > Malaxis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | M. ophioglossoides, M. thlaspiformis, Microstylis grisebachiana | Microstylis montana, Achroanthes montana, M. montana |
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 157. (1803) | L. O. Williams: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 343. (1934) |
Web links |