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Adder's-mouth orchid, one-leaf malaxis, white Adder's-mouth

Cochise Adder's-mouth orchid

Habit Plants 3–25(–30) cm. Plants 16–45 cm.
Leaves

within proximal 1/3 of stem;

blade narrowly to broadly elliptic.

1, within proximal 1/3 of stem;

blade orbiculate-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, (3–)4.1–8.5(–10) × 0.2–0.45(–0.65) cm, apex obtuse to acute.

Inflorescences

spicate racemes, 1–12 cm.

racemes, 6–25 cm;

rachis slightly angled;

floral bracts triangular to lanceolate, 1–2 × 0.5 mm, apex acute;

pedicels not crowded, 2.5–5 mm.

Flowers

5–80, resupinate or not;

sepals lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, margins revolute or not, apex acuminate;

petals reflexed, filiform to linear or linear-lanceolate, apex rounded;

lip ovate to broadly triangular, concave, base truncate, with forward-directed lobes, apex unlobed, acuminate;

column 0.4–0.8 × 0.4–0.8 mm;

pollinia yellow.

16–133, resupinate, deep maroon or greenish maroon;

sepals glabrous, not papillose;

dorsal sepal lanceolate, 1.8–2.4 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins revolute, apex acute;

lateral sepals lanceolate-elliptic, falcate, 1.8–2.4 × 0.8–1.2 mm, apex acute;

petals strongly recurved, linear to filiform, slightly falcate, 1.8–2.2 × 0.2–0.4 mm, apex obtuse;

lip triangular to triangular-lanceolate, 1.8–2.3 × 1.3–1.8 mm, base with auricles narrow and nearly parallel, apex broadly acuminate;

column 0.5–0.8 × 0.5–0.8 mm;

pollinia yellow.

Capsules

ascending, ellipsoid, 5 × 3 mm.

ascending, ellipsoid, 5 × 3 mm.

Pseudobulbs

5–10 mm diam.

5–10 mm diam.

Malaxis monophyllos

Malaxis porphyrea

Phenology Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat Open coniferous and mixed forests on dry slopes
Elevation 2000 m (6600 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
n North America; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Both Malaxis porphyrea and M. wendtii have been included incorrectly in M. ehrenbergii (D. S. Correll 1950; C. A. Luer 1975). The confusion among the taxa is discussed by T. K. Todsen (1997). Malaxis ehrenbergii is a Mexican species with its northernmost limit in southern Hidalgo, about 1200 km to the south of the ranges of the other two taxa, the southernmost ranges of which are in northern Chihuahua and Sonora. The following criteria are used to separate M. wendtii from M. porphyrea: the sepals of M. wendtii are papillose while the sepals of M. porphyrea are essentially glabrous, although they have prominent cell structures that may appear to be very small papillae; the lip of M. wendtii is linear to linear-lanceolate with a narrowly acuminate apex, and the auricles at the base of the lip are broad and diverging, while the lip of M. porphyrea is nearly triangular to triangular-lanceolate with a broadly acuminate apex, and the auricles at the base of the lip are narrow and nearly parallel. Also, M. wendtii has a denser inflorescence and the flowers are not quite as intensely colored as in M. porphyrea (R. A. Coleman, W. Jennings, pers. comm.).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Flowers not resupinate.
var. monophyllos
1. Flowers resupinate.
var. brachypoda
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 629. FNA vol. 26, p. 631.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Malaxideae > Malaxis Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Malaxideae > Malaxis
Sibling taxa
M. abieticola, M. bayardii, M. corymbosa, M. paludosa, M. porphyrea, M. soulei, M. spicata, M. unifolia, M. wendtii
M. abieticola, M. bayardii, M. corymbosa, M. monophyllos, M. paludosa, M. soulei, M. spicata, M. unifolia, M. wendtii
Subordinate taxa
M. monophyllos var. brachypoda, M. monophyllos var. monophyllos
Synonyms Ophrys monophyllos Microstylis porphyrea, Microstylis purpurea
Name authority (Linnaeus) Swartz: Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21: 234. (1800) (Ridley) Kuntze: Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673. (1891)
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