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dune malacothrix, dunedelion

Santa Cruz Island desertdandelion, Santa Cruz Island malacothrix

Habit Perennials, 12–70 cm (often mounded). Annuals, 2–12(–45) cm.
Stems

1, branched proximally and distally, usually tomentose, sometimes glabrous.

usually 1, erect or ± prostrate, usually ± branched proximally (often forming mats, usually leafy throughout), glabrous.

Cauline leaves

proximal obovate to narrowly spatulate, sometimes pinnately lobed (lobes 1–2+ pairs, subequal, apices obtuse), sometimes ± fleshy, margins usually obtuse-lobed, sometimes entire;

distal not notably reduced (similar to others).

proximal obovate to spatulate, usually pinnately lobed (lobes 1–3+ pairs, nearly equal, apices obtuse), usually fleshy, ultimate margins entire, faces glabrous;

distal not reduced (similar to others).

Involucres

10–14 × 4–8+ mm.

± campanulate, 6–8 × 2–6+ mm.

Receptacles

not bristly.

glabrous.

Florets

47–99;

corollas medium yellow, 11–20 mm;

outer ligules exserted 5–10 mm.

18–76;

corollas medium yellow, 4–8 mm;

outer ligules exserted 1–4 mm.

Phyllaries

16–30 in 2–3 series, (red-tinged) lanceolate or oblong to linear, hyaline margins 0.05–0.1 mm wide, faces glabrous.

13–22+ in 2–3 series, (often red-tinged) oblong to lanceolate, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm wide, faces glabrous.

Calyculi

of 5–16+, ovate to lanceolate bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm.

of 8–13+, lance-deltate to lanceolate bractlets (sometimes intergrading with phyllaries), hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm wide.

Cypselae

usually cylindro-fusiform, sometimes weakly prismatic, 1.5–2.2 mm, ribs extending to apices, ± equal;

persistent pappi 0.

± prismatic, 1.2–1.5 mm, ribs extending to apices, 5 more prominent than others;

persistent pappi 0.

Pollen

70–100% 3-porate.

70–100% 3-porate.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Malacothrix incana

Malacothrix indecora

Phenology Flowering Jan–Dec. Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Coastal dunes Shallow soils of ocean bluffs, open rocky areas
Elevation 0–10(–100) m (0–0(–300) ft) 0–30 m (0–100 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Malacothrix incana, a dune endemic, grows currently on the coastal mainland in Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo counties, and on San Miguel, San Nicolas, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa islands. Its nomenclatural type specimen was collected at San Diego, probably from the Silver Strand dune areas on Coronado Island.

Populations of a glabrous form, var. succulenta, occur in Santa Barbara County (e.g., Casmalia Beach) and San Luis Obispo County (e.g., west of Oso Flaco Lake). Glabrous forms and tomentose forms grow together on San Miguel and San Nicolas islands.

Extensive hybridization between Malacothrix incana and M. foliosa subsp. polycephala occurs on San Nicolas Island where dunes have extended into areas of normal soil, particularly along the western and southwestern portions of the island.

Hybridization between Malacothrix incana and M. saxatilis var. implicata occurs on San Miguel Island on east-facing slopes above Cuyler Harbor.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Malacothrix indecora is found on San Miguel, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa islands.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 316. FNA vol. 19, p. 317.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix
Sibling taxa
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. coulteri, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. indecora, M. junakii, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. coulteri, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. junakii, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
Synonyms Malacomeris incanus, M. incana var. succulenta, M. succulenta M. foliosa var. indecora
Name authority (Nuttall) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 486. (1843) Greene: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 152. (1886)
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