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Fendler's desert dandelion

island malacothrix, island or Santa Cruz desertdandelion, Santa Cruz desertdandelion

Habit Annuals, 3–15(–25+) cm. Annuals, 4–30 cm.
Stems

(1–)3–8, ± decumbent or spreading-ascending, branched proximally and distally, glaucous or glabrous.

1–3+, ascending to erect (stout), branched from bases and distally, ± leafy, glabrous.

Cauline leaves

proximal elliptic to oblong-oblanceolate, sometimes pinnately lobed (lobes 2–4+ pairs, oblong to triangular, unequal, apices acute), not fleshy, ultimate margins usually dentate, faces glabrous;

distal reduced (narrowly triangular to linear or filiform, margins dentate or entire).

proximal obovate to oblanceolate, pinnately lobed (lobes 2–6 pairs), not fleshy, ultimate margins entire or dentate, faces glabrous;

distal not notably reduced (narrowly ovate with 5–10 narrow teeth or lobes).

Involucres

± campanulate, 7–10 × 5–6+ mm.

narrowly to broadly campanulate, 9–12 × 4–10 mm.

Receptacles

not bristly.

usually not bristly.

Florets

16–88;

corollas yellow (usually with red or purplish abaxial stripes), 6–14 mm;

outer ligules exserted 5–8 mm.

39–133;

corollas light yellow, 12–19 mm;

outer ligules exserted 6–11 mm.

Phyllaries

13–25+ in 2–3 series, lance-oblong or lanceolate to lance-linear, subequal, hyaline margins 0.05–0.3 mm wide, faces glabrous.

31–49 in 5–6+ series (midstripes green or reddish), broadly ovate (outermost) to lance-oblong or lance-linear, unequal, hyaline margins 0.6–1 mm wide, faces glabrous.

Calyculi

of 5–12, ovate to lanceolate bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm wide.

0.

Cypselae

± cylindric, 1.8–2.4 mm (distal 0.3 mm slightly expanded, cupped, smooth), ribs not extending to apices, ± equal;

persistent pappi of 12–15, ± deltate teeth (often hidden within cups at apices of cypselae) plus 1–2 bristles.

± prismatic or columnar, 1.3–2.1 mm, ribs extending to (and just beyond) apices, 5 more prominent than others;

pappi persistent, of 15–20, irregular, ± deltate teeth (often hidden by apices of cypselae) plus 0(–1) bristles.

Pollen

70–100% 3-porate.

70–100% 4-porate.

2n

= 14.

= 28.

Malacothrix fendleri

Malacothrix squalida

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun. Flowering Mar–Jun.
Habitat Grasslands, pinyon-juniper woodlands, creosote bush associations Open areas between shrubs, on ridges, knife-edges
Elevation 80–2200 m (300–7200 ft) 0–30 m (0–100 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Malacothrix fendleri grows in the Sonoran Desert. “San Bernardino Co.” as locality for a specimen from the herbarium of J. G. Lemmon in UC (336493) is evidently an error.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Malacothrix squalida is known only from Middle Anacapa and Santa Cruz islands.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 314. FNA vol. 19, p. 321.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix
Sibling taxa
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. coulteri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. indecora, M. junakii, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. coulteri, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. indecora, M. junakii, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
Synonyms M. foliosa var. squalida, M. insularis var. squalida
Name authority A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 104. (1853) Greene: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 152. (1886)
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