Malacothrix fendleri |
Malacothrix incana |
|
---|---|---|
Fendler's desert dandelion |
dune malacothrix, dunedelion |
|
Habit | Annuals, 3–15(–25+) cm. | Perennials, 12–70 cm (often mounded). |
Stems | (1–)3–8, ± decumbent or spreading-ascending, branched proximally and distally, glaucous or glabrous. |
1, branched proximally and distally, usually tomentose, sometimes glabrous. |
Cauline leaves | proximal elliptic to oblong-oblanceolate, sometimes pinnately lobed (lobes 2–4+ pairs, oblong to triangular, unequal, apices acute), not fleshy, ultimate margins usually dentate, faces glabrous; distal reduced (narrowly triangular to linear or filiform, margins dentate or entire). |
proximal obovate to narrowly spatulate, sometimes pinnately lobed (lobes 1–2+ pairs, subequal, apices obtuse), sometimes ± fleshy, margins usually obtuse-lobed, sometimes entire; distal not notably reduced (similar to others). |
Involucres | ± campanulate, 7–10 × 5–6+ mm. |
10–14 × 4–8+ mm. |
Receptacles | not bristly. |
not bristly. |
Florets | 16–88; corollas yellow (usually with red or purplish abaxial stripes), 6–14 mm; outer ligules exserted 5–8 mm. |
47–99; corollas medium yellow, 11–20 mm; outer ligules exserted 5–10 mm. |
Phyllaries | 13–25+ in 2–3 series, lance-oblong or lanceolate to lance-linear, subequal, hyaline margins 0.05–0.3 mm wide, faces glabrous. |
16–30 in 2–3 series, (red-tinged) lanceolate or oblong to linear, hyaline margins 0.05–0.1 mm wide, faces glabrous. |
Calyculi | of 5–12, ovate to lanceolate bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm wide. |
of 5–16+, ovate to lanceolate bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm. |
Cypselae | ± cylindric, 1.8–2.4 mm (distal 0.3 mm slightly expanded, cupped, smooth), ribs not extending to apices, ± equal; persistent pappi of 12–15, ± deltate teeth (often hidden within cups at apices of cypselae) plus 1–2 bristles. |
usually cylindro-fusiform, sometimes weakly prismatic, 1.5–2.2 mm, ribs extending to apices, ± equal; persistent pappi 0. |
Pollen | 70–100% 3-porate. |
70–100% 3-porate. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Malacothrix fendleri |
Malacothrix incana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun. | Flowering Jan–Dec. |
Habitat | Grasslands, pinyon-juniper woodlands, creosote bush associations | Coastal dunes |
Elevation | 80–2200 m (300–7200 ft) | 0–10(–100) m (0–0(–300) ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
|
CA
|
Discussion | Malacothrix fendleri grows in the Sonoran Desert. “San Bernardino Co.” as locality for a specimen from the herbarium of J. G. Lemmon in UC (336493) is evidently an error. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Malacothrix incana, a dune endemic, grows currently on the coastal mainland in Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo counties, and on San Miguel, San Nicolas, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa islands. Its nomenclatural type specimen was collected at San Diego, probably from the Silver Strand dune areas on Coronado Island. Populations of a glabrous form, var. succulenta, occur in Santa Barbara County (e.g., Casmalia Beach) and San Luis Obispo County (e.g., west of Oso Flaco Lake). Glabrous forms and tomentose forms grow together on San Miguel and San Nicolas islands. Extensive hybridization between Malacothrix incana and M. foliosa subsp. polycephala occurs on San Nicolas Island where dunes have extended into areas of normal soil, particularly along the western and southwestern portions of the island. Hybridization between Malacothrix incana and M. saxatilis var. implicata occurs on San Miguel Island on east-facing slopes above Cuyler Harbor. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 314. | FNA vol. 19, p. 316. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Malacomeris incanus, M. incana var. succulenta, M. succulenta | |
Name authority | A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 104. (1853) | (Nuttall) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 486. (1843) |
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