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Snake's head desert-dandelion, Snake's-head

Stebbins' dandelion, Stebbins' desertdandelion, Stebbins' malacothrix

Habit Annuals, 10–60 cm. Annuals, 5–60 cm.
Stems

1–6, ascending or erect, simple or branched proximally and distally, glaucous or glabrous.

1–5+, ± erect, branched distally, sparsely leafy, glabrous.

Cauline leaves

proximal linear to obovate, sometimes pinnately lobed, not fleshy, ultimate margins entire or dentate, faces glabrous;

distal reduced (ovate to lanceolate, rarely pinnately lobed, bases clasping).

proximal obovate, pinnately lobed (lobes 3–5+ pairs, triangular to oblong or linear), not fleshy, ultimate margins entire or dentate, faces glabrous;

distal reduced (usually with 2 lobes near bases).

Involucres

hemispheric, 10–22+ × 6–22+ mm.

± campanulate, 7–10 × 3–6 mm.

Receptacles

densely bristly.

not bristly.

Florets

85–257;

corollas usually pale yellow, sometimes white, 8–12 mm;

outer ligules exserted 2–5 mm.

19–70;

corollas usually yellow, sometimes white, 6–7 mm;

outer ligules exserted 1–2 mm.

Phyllaries

(25–)40–60+ in 4–6+ series, (midstripes usually reddish or purple) orbiculate to ovate, oblong, lance-oblong, or linear, unequal, hyaline margins 1–2.5 mm wide, faces glabrous.

16–20+ in 2–3 series, lanceolate to lance-linear, hyaline margins 0.05–0.1 mm wide, faces glabrous.

Calyculi

0.

of 5–8+, ovate to lanceolate bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm.

Cypselae

± prismatic, 1.6–3.2 mm, ribs extending beyond apices, 5 more prominent than others;

persistent pappi of 20–25+, blunt teeth plus 2–6 bristles.

± cylindro-fusiform, 1.7–2.3 mm, ribs extending to ca. 0.1–0.2 mm short of apices (minutely hirtellous or muriculate), ± equal (distal 0.1–0.2 mm of cypselae smooth);

pappi persistent, of 8–15+, needlelike teeth plus 1(–2) bristles.

Pollen

70–100% 3-porate.

70–100% 4-porate.

2n

= 14.

= 28.

Malacothrix coulteri

Malacothrix stebbinsii

Phenology Flowering Mar–May. Flowering Mar–Jun.
Habitat Sandy, open areas in coastal sage, grasslands, deserts Gravelly soils beneath shrubs, along ditches, near streams, in sagebrush steppes, creosote bush scrublands
Elevation 100–1800 m [300–5900 ft] 300–1300 m [1000–4300 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV; UT [Introduced, South America (Argentina, Chile)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; NV; Mexico (Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Variety cognata, indistinguishable in floral characters from var. coulteri and differing in cauline leaves parted almost to midribs, occurs at some mainland sites in southern California and has been collected on the Channel Islands. In California, Malacothrix coulteri grows in the San Joaquin Valley, central western areas, western Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges, and Mojave Desert. In Arizona, it grows in the Sonoran Desert in the Santa Rita and Tucson mountains, and similar places.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Malacothrix stebbinsii grows in the Mojave Desert (Borrego area, California) and the Sonoran Desert (Santa Catalina, Mazatzal, Baboquivari, and Santa Rita mountains, and elsewhere in Arizona).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 314. Treatment author: W. S. Davis. FNA vol. 19, p. 321. Treatment author: W. S. Davis.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix
Sibling taxa
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. indecora, M. junakii, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. coulteri, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. indecora, M. junakii, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. torreyi
Synonyms Malacolepis coulteri, M. coulteri var. cognata, Zollikoferia elquiensis M. clevelandii var. stebbinsii
Name authority Harvey & A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., n. s. 4: 113. (1849) W. S. Davis & P. H. Raven: Madroño 16: 265, fig. 2e. (1962)
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