Malacothrix coulteri |
Malacothrix stebbinsii |
|
---|---|---|
Snake's head desert-dandelion, Snake's-head |
Stebbins' dandelion, Stebbins' desertdandelion, Stebbins' malacothrix |
|
Habit | Annuals, 10–60 cm. | Annuals, 5–60 cm. |
Stems | 1–6, ascending or erect, simple or branched proximally and distally, glaucous or glabrous. |
1–5+, ± erect, branched distally, sparsely leafy, glabrous. |
Cauline leaves | proximal linear to obovate, sometimes pinnately lobed, not fleshy, ultimate margins entire or dentate, faces glabrous; distal reduced (ovate to lanceolate, rarely pinnately lobed, bases clasping). |
proximal obovate, pinnately lobed (lobes 3–5+ pairs, triangular to oblong or linear), not fleshy, ultimate margins entire or dentate, faces glabrous; distal reduced (usually with 2 lobes near bases). |
Involucres | hemispheric, 10–22+ × 6–22+ mm. |
± campanulate, 7–10 × 3–6 mm. |
Receptacles | densely bristly. |
not bristly. |
Florets | 85–257; corollas usually pale yellow, sometimes white, 8–12 mm; outer ligules exserted 2–5 mm. |
19–70; corollas usually yellow, sometimes white, 6–7 mm; outer ligules exserted 1–2 mm. |
Phyllaries | (25–)40–60+ in 4–6+ series, (midstripes usually reddish or purple) orbiculate to ovate, oblong, lance-oblong, or linear, unequal, hyaline margins 1–2.5 mm wide, faces glabrous. |
16–20+ in 2–3 series, lanceolate to lance-linear, hyaline margins 0.05–0.1 mm wide, faces glabrous. |
Calyculi | 0. |
of 5–8+, ovate to lanceolate bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm. |
Cypselae | ± prismatic, 1.6–3.2 mm, ribs extending beyond apices, 5 more prominent than others; persistent pappi of 20–25+, blunt teeth plus 2–6 bristles. |
± cylindro-fusiform, 1.7–2.3 mm, ribs extending to ca. 0.1–0.2 mm short of apices (minutely hirtellous or muriculate), ± equal (distal 0.1–0.2 mm of cypselae smooth); pappi persistent, of 8–15+, needlelike teeth plus 1(–2) bristles. |
Pollen | 70–100% 3-porate. |
70–100% 4-porate. |
2n | = 14. |
= 28. |
Malacothrix coulteri |
Malacothrix stebbinsii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Sandy, open areas in coastal sage, grasslands, deserts | Gravelly soils beneath shrubs, along ditches, near streams, in sagebrush steppes, creosote bush scrublands |
Elevation | 100–1800 m [300–5900 ft] | 300–1300 m [1000–4300 ft] |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT [Introduced, South America (Argentina, Chile)]
|
AZ; CA; NM; NV; Mexico (Sonora)
|
Discussion | Variety cognata, indistinguishable in floral characters from var. coulteri and differing in cauline leaves parted almost to midribs, occurs at some mainland sites in southern California and has been collected on the Channel Islands. In California, Malacothrix coulteri grows in the San Joaquin Valley, central western areas, western Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges, and Mojave Desert. In Arizona, it grows in the Sonoran Desert in the Santa Rita and Tucson mountains, and similar places. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Malacothrix stebbinsii grows in the Mojave Desert (Borrego area, California) and the Sonoran Desert (Santa Catalina, Mazatzal, Baboquivari, and Santa Rita mountains, and elsewhere in Arizona). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 314. | FNA vol. 19, p. 321. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Malacolepis coulteri, M. coulteri var. cognata, Zollikoferia elquiensis | M. clevelandii var. stebbinsii |
Name authority | Harvey & A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., n. s. 4: 113. (1849) | W. S. Davis & P. H. Raven: Madroño 16: 265, fig. 2e. (1962) |
Web links |