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Snake's head desert-dandelion, Snake's-head

Central Coast malacothrix, Davis' desertdandelion, dusky-fruit malacothrix

Habit Annuals, 10–60 cm. Annuals, 5–44 cm.
Stems

1–6, ascending or erect, simple or branched proximally and distally, glaucous or glabrous.

1–4, erect to ascending, usually branched proximally and distally, glabrous (usually glaucous).

Cauline leaves

proximal linear to obovate, sometimes pinnately lobed, not fleshy, ultimate margins entire or dentate, faces glabrous;

distal reduced (ovate to lanceolate, rarely pinnately lobed, bases clasping).

proximal obovate, usually pinnately lobed (lobes 3–8 pairs, ± equal, bases white-hairy), ± fleshy, ultimate margins dentate, faces glabrous;

distal reduced (sometimes 2–4-dentate near bases).

Involucres

hemispheric, 10–22+ × 6–22+ mm.

± campanulate, 5–8 × 2–6 mm.

Receptacles

densely bristly.

not bristly.

Florets

85–257;

corollas usually pale yellow, sometimes white, 8–12 mm;

outer ligules exserted 2–5 mm.

30–65;

corollas white, 5–8 mm;

outer ligules exserted 1–3 mm.

Phyllaries

(25–)40–60+ in 4–6+ series, (midstripes usually reddish or purple) orbiculate to ovate, oblong, lance-oblong, or linear, unequal, hyaline margins 1–2.5 mm wide, faces glabrous.

18–22+ in 2–3 series, oblong or lanceolate to linear, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm wide, faces glabrous.

Calyculi

0.

of 8–12+, ovate to lanceolate bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.3 mm wide.

Cypselae

± prismatic, 1.6–3.2 mm, ribs extending beyond apices, 5 more prominent than others;

persistent pappi of 20–25+, blunt teeth plus 2–6 bristles.

± cylindro-funnelform or weakly prismatic, 1.2–2 mm, ribs extending to apices, ± equal or 5 more prominent than others;

pappi 0 or crenate crowns (0.01–0.1 mm).

Pollen

70–100% 3-porate.

70–100% 3-porate.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Malacothrix coulteri

Malacothrix phaeocarpa

Phenology Flowering Mar–May. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Sandy, open areas in coastal sage, grasslands, deserts Diatomaceous shale, open chaparral burns, slides, openings in Bishop pine-Douglas fir woodlands
Elevation 100–1800 m [300–5900 ft] 100–1400 m [300–4600 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV; UT [Introduced, South America (Argentina, Chile)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Variety cognata, indistinguishable in floral characters from var. coulteri and differing in cauline leaves parted almost to midribs, occurs at some mainland sites in southern California and has been collected on the Channel Islands. In California, Malacothrix coulteri grows in the San Joaquin Valley, central western areas, western Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges, and Mojave Desert. In Arizona, it grows in the Sonoran Desert in the Santa Rita and Tucson mountains, and similar places.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Malacothrix phaeocarpa grows in Monterey County (near Jolon above Boucher’s Gap), San Luis Obispo County (Santa Lucia Mountains), Santa Barbara County (Purissima Hills and Santa Inez Mountains), and Santa Clara County (Santa Cruz Mountains).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 314. Treatment author: W. S. Davis. FNA vol. 19, p. 317. Treatment author: W. S. Davis.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix
Sibling taxa
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. indecora, M. junakii, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. coulteri, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. indecora, M. junakii, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
Synonyms Malacolepis coulteri, M. coulteri var. cognata, Zollikoferia elquiensis
Name authority Harvey & A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., n. s. 4: 113. (1849) W. S. Davis: Madroño 40: 101, fig. 1. (1993)
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