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Snake's head desert-dandelion, Snake's-head

Anacapa Island desertdandelion, Junak's desertdandelion, Junak's malacothrix

Habit Annuals, 10–60 cm. Annuals, 5–30 cm.
Stems

1–6, ascending or erect, simple or branched proximally and distally, glaucous or glabrous.

1–4, ascending to erect, ± branched proximally and distally (leafy to apices), glabrous.

Cauline leaves

proximal linear to obovate, sometimes pinnately lobed, not fleshy, ultimate margins entire or dentate, faces glabrous;

distal reduced (ovate to lanceolate, rarely pinnately lobed, bases clasping).

proximal oblanceolate, pinnately lobed (lobes 2–4 pairs, obtuse), ultimate margins entire or dentate;

distal not much reduced (± linear, lobes usually 1–2 near bases, apices acute).

Involucres

hemispheric, 10–22+ × 6–22+ mm.

7–8.5 × 3–6 mm.

Receptacles

densely bristly.

not bristly.

Florets

85–257;

corollas usually pale yellow, sometimes white, 8–12 mm;

outer ligules exserted 2–5 mm.

20–85: corollas medium yellow, 7–11 mm;

outer ligules exserted 3.5–5.5 mm.

Phyllaries

(25–)40–60+ in 4–6+ series, (midstripes usually reddish or purple) orbiculate to ovate, oblong, lance-oblong, or linear, unequal, hyaline margins 1–2.5 mm wide, faces glabrous.

9–13+ in 2–3 series, (red-tinged) oblong to lanceolate or lance-linear, hyaline margins 0.1–0.2 mm wide, faces glabrous.

Calyculi

0.

of 7–11, ovate to lanceolate bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm.

Cypselae

± prismatic, 1.6–3.2 mm, ribs extending beyond apices, 5 more prominent than others;

persistent pappi of 20–25+, blunt teeth plus 2–6 bristles.

± prismatic, 1.6–2 mm, ribs extending to apices, ± equal or 5 more prominent than others;

persistent pappi of 11–14, irregular, ± dentate teeth plus 1–2 bristles.

Pollen

70–100% 3-porate.

70–100% 4-porate.

2n

= 14.

= 28.

Malacothrix coulteri

Malacothrix junakii

Phenology Flowering Mar–May. Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Sandy, open areas in coastal sage, grasslands, deserts Flats and adjacent coastal bluffs
Elevation 100–1800 m [300–5900 ft] 0–30 m [0–100 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV; UT [Introduced, South America (Argentina, Chile)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Variety cognata, indistinguishable in floral characters from var. coulteri and differing in cauline leaves parted almost to midribs, occurs at some mainland sites in southern California and has been collected on the Channel Islands. In California, Malacothrix coulteri grows in the San Joaquin Valley, central western areas, western Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges, and Mojave Desert. In Arizona, it grows in the Sonoran Desert in the Santa Rita and Tucson mountains, and similar places.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Malacothrix junakii is known only from middle Anacapa Island.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 314. Treatment author: W. S. Davis. FNA vol. 19, p. 317. Treatment author: W. S. Davis.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Malacothrix
Sibling taxa
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. indecora, M. junakii, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
M. californica, M. clevelandii, M. coulteri, M. fendleri, M. floccifera, M. foliosa, M. glabrata, M. incana, M. indecora, M. phaeocarpa, M. saxatilis, M. similis, M. sonchoides, M. sonorae, M. squalida, M. stebbinsii, M. torreyi
Synonyms Malacolepis coulteri, M. coulteri var. cognata, Zollikoferia elquiensis
Name authority Harvey & A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., n. s. 4: 113. (1849) W. S. Davis: Madroño 44: 241. (1997)
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