Malacothrix coulteri |
Malacothrix glabrata |
|
---|---|---|
Snake's head desert-dandelion, Snake's-head |
desert dandelion, smooth desert dandelion |
|
Habit | Annuals, 10–60 cm. | Annuals, (5–)10–40+ cm. |
Stems | 1–6, ascending or erect, simple or branched proximally and distally, glaucous or glabrous. |
(1–)3–5+, ascending to erect, usually branched proximally and distally, glabrous or sparsely arachno-puberulent near bases (sometimes glaucous). |
Cauline leaves | proximal linear to obovate, sometimes pinnately lobed, not fleshy, ultimate margins entire or dentate, faces glabrous; distal reduced (ovate to lanceolate, rarely pinnately lobed, bases clasping). |
proximal usually pinnately lobed (lobes 3–6+ pairs, usually filiform, subequal to unequal, apices acute), ultimate margins entire, faces glabrous or ± hairy (then usually glabrescent); distal reduced (usually pinnately lobed). |
Involucres | hemispheric, 10–22+ × 6–22+ mm. |
campanulate to hemispheric, 9–17 × 4–7 mm. |
Receptacles | densely bristly. |
bristly. |
Florets | 85–257; corollas usually pale yellow, sometimes white, 8–12 mm; outer ligules exserted 2–5 mm. |
31–139; corollas usually pale yellow, sometimes white, 15–23+ mm; outer ligules exserted 9–15+ mm. |
Phyllaries | (25–)40–60+ in 4–6+ series, (midstripes usually reddish or purple) orbiculate to ovate, oblong, lance-oblong, or linear, unequal, hyaline margins 1–2.5 mm wide, faces glabrous. |
20–25+ in 2–3 series, lance-linear to linear, hyaline margins 0.05–0.3 mm wide, faces usually glabrous, abaxial sometimes ± white-hairy. |
Calyculi | 0. |
of 12–20+, lanceolate to linear bractlets, hyaline margins 0.05–0.2 mm wide (abaxial faces often ± densely white-hairy). |
Cypselae | ± prismatic, 1.6–3.2 mm, ribs extending beyond apices, 5 more prominent than others; persistent pappi of 20–25+, blunt teeth plus 2–6 bristles. |
± cylindro-fusiform (sometimes weakly 5-angled), 2–3.3 mm, ribs extending to apices, usually ± equal; persistent pappi of 0–12+, blunt to acute teeth plus 1–2(–5) bristles. |
Pollen | 70–100% 3-porate. |
70–100% 3-porate. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Malacothrix coulteri |
Malacothrix glabrata |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Mar–Jul. |
Habitat | Sandy, open areas in coastal sage, grasslands, deserts | Coarse soils in open areas, or among shrubs, creosote bush scrublands, Amsinckia, Artemisia, and Atriplex-Larrea associations, Joshua tree woodlands |
Elevation | 100–1800 m [300–5900 ft] | 0–1800 m [0–5900 ft] |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT [Introduced, South America (Argentina, Chile)]
|
AZ; CA; ID; NM; NV; OR; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
|
Discussion | Variety cognata, indistinguishable in floral characters from var. coulteri and differing in cauline leaves parted almost to midribs, occurs at some mainland sites in southern California and has been collected on the Channel Islands. In California, Malacothrix coulteri grows in the San Joaquin Valley, central western areas, western Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges, and Mojave Desert. In Arizona, it grows in the Sonoran Desert in the Santa Rita and Tucson mountains, and similar places. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Malacothrix glabrata grows in the Mojave, Great Basin, and Sonoran deserts in California and the Intermountain region in Arizona, Nevada, Oregon, and Utah. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 314. | FNA vol. 19, p. 316. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Malacolepis coulteri, M. coulteri var. cognata, Zollikoferia elquiensis | M. californica var. glabrata |
Name authority | Harvey & A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., n. s. 4: 113. (1849) | (A. Gray ex D. C. Eaton) A. Gray: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): 422. (1884) |
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