Maianthemum trifolium |
Maianthemum stellatum |
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smilacine trifoliée, three-leaf false Solomon's-seal, three-leaf Solomon's-plume, three-leaf Solomon's-seal, threeleaf false lily of the valley |
little false Solomon's-seal, small false Solomon's seal, smilacine étoilée, star-flower false Solomon's-seal, star-flower Solomon's-seal, star-like false Solomon's-seal, starry false lily-of-the-valley, starry false Solomon's seal, starry Solomon's seal |
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Habit | Plants aquatic, 4–15 cm. | Plants terrestrial, 15–45 cm. |
Rhizomes | sympodial, proliferatively spreading, filiform, units 2–30 cm × 1–2 mm, roots restricted to nodes. |
sympodial, proliferatively spreading, narrow-cylindrical, units 15–60 cm × 3–4.5 mm, roots scattered over surfaces. |
Stems | erect, 1–2.5 dm × 2–3 mm. |
erect, 2.5–5 dm × 2–3.5 mm. |
Leaves | 2–4 on fertile shoots, sessile; blade elliptic, 5–12 × 2.5–4 cm; base narrowly tapering; apex acute or acuminate. |
8–11, sessile, clasping; blade ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, 5–6 × 2.5–3.5 cm; base rounded; apex acute. |
Inflorescences | racemose, simple, 5–15-flowered. |
racemose, simple, 6–15-flowered. |
Flowers | 3-merous; tepals conspicuous, 2.5–4 × 1.5–2 mm; filaments 1.5–2 mm; anthers 0.5–0.7 mm; ovary globose or cylindrical, 2–2.5 × 1.5–2.4 mm; style 0.5–1.5 mm; stigma distinctively 3-lobed; pedicel 1–3 × 0.5 mm. |
1 per node, 3-merous; tepals conspicuous, 4–5 × 1.5–2 mm; filaments 1.2–1.5 mm; anthers 0.6–0.8 mm; ovary globose to cylindrical, ca. 1 mm wide; style 1.3–1.8 mm; stigma obscurely 3-lobed; pedicel 6–12 × 0.8–1 mm. |
Berries | green with fine red spots when young, maturing to red, globose, 4–6 mm diam. |
green with black stripes along median carpel vein when young, maturing to red, globose, 4–6 mm diam. |
Seeds | 1–3, globose, 2 mm. |
1–6, globose, 2.5–3 mm. |
2n | = 36. |
= 36. |
Maianthemum trifolium |
Maianthemum stellatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun, fruits retained through Sep. | Flowering mid or late spring. |
Habitat | Often forming dense clonal patches in sphagnum bogs, muskegs, and wet forests | Sand dunes, marginal woodlands, oak openings |
Elevation | 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) | 0–3200 m (0–10500 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; VT; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Asia (Siberia)
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; disjunct in nw Mexico
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 209. | FNA vol. 26, p. 209. |
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Maianthemum | Liliaceae > Maianthemum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Convallaria trifolia, Smilacina trifolia, Unifolium trifolium, Vagnera trifolia | Convallaria stellata, Smilacina liliacea, Smilacina stellata, Unifolium liliaceum, Unifolium sessilifolium, Unifolium stellatum, Vagnera liliacea, Vagnera sessilifolia, Vagnera stellata |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Sloboda: Rostlinnictví, 192. (1852) | (Linnaeus) Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 343. (1821) |
Web links |
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