Maianthemum stellatum |
Maianthemum racemosum |
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little false Solomon's-seal, small false Solomon's seal, smilacine étoilée, star-flower false Solomon's-seal, star-flower Solomon's-seal, star-like false Solomon's-seal, starry false lily-of-the-valley, starry false Solomon's seal, starry Solomon's seal |
false Solomon's-seal, false spikenard, feathery false lily of the valley, feathery false Solomon's-seal, large false Solomon's-seal, plumed Solomon's seal, Solomon's-plume, treacleberry |
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Habit | Plants terrestrial, 15–45 cm. | Plants terrestrial, to 12.5 cm. | ||||
Rhizomes | sympodial, proliferatively spreading, narrow-cylindrical, units 15–60 cm × 3–4.5 mm, roots scattered over surfaces. |
sympodial, cylindrical, units 30–40 cm × 8–14 mm, sometimes multiplied, roots scattered. |
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Stems | erect, 2.5–5 dm × 2–3.5 mm. |
erect or arching, 7.5–12.5 dm × 7–9 mm. |
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Leaves | 8–11, sessile, clasping; blade ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, 5–6 × 2.5–3.5 cm; base rounded; apex acute. |
7–12, sessile and clasping, or petiolate; blade elliptic to ovate, 9–17 × 5–8 cm; base rounded or tapered; apex acute or caudate. |
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Inflorescences | racemose, simple, 6–15-flowered. |
paniculate, 70–250-flowered, branches well developed, pyramidal. |
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Flowers | 1 per node, 3-merous; tepals conspicuous, 4–5 × 1.5–2 mm; filaments 1.2–1.5 mm; anthers 0.6–0.8 mm; ovary globose to cylindrical, ca. 1 mm wide; style 1.3–1.8 mm; stigma obscurely 3-lobed; pedicel 6–12 × 0.8–1 mm. |
3-merous; tepals inconspicuous, 0.5–1 × 0.5 mm; filaments 1 × 0.5 mm; anthers 0.5–1 mm; ovary globose, 1 mm wide; style 0.1–0.3 mm; stigma obscure; pedicel 0.5–1 × 0.5 mm. |
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Berries | green with black stripes along median carpel vein when young, maturing to red, globose, 4–6 mm diam. |
green with copper spots when young, maturing to deep translucent red, globose or 3-lobed, 4–6 mm wide. |
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Seeds | 1–6, globose, 2.5–3 mm. |
1–4, globose, 2.5–4 mm. |
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2n | = 36. |
= 36, 72, 144. |
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Maianthemum stellatum |
Maianthemum racemosum |
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Phenology | Flowering mid or late spring. | |||||
Habitat | Sand dunes, marginal woodlands, oak openings | |||||
Elevation | 0–3200 m (0–10500 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; disjunct in nw Mexico
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North America; n Mexico
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Maianthemum racemosum is sometimes cultivated. It was described as apomictic (A. L. Gorham 1953) but is much in need of cytogeographic and reproductive biological studies. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 209. | FNA vol. 26, p. 208. | ||||
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Maianthemum | Liliaceae > Maianthemum | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Convallaria stellata, Smilacina liliacea, Smilacina stellata, Unifolium liliaceum, Unifolium sessilifolium, Unifolium stellatum, Vagnera liliacea, Vagnera sessilifolia, Vagnera stellata | Convallaria racemosa, Smilacina racemosa, Unifolium racemosum | ||||
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 343. (1821) | (Linnaeus) Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 343. (1821) | ||||
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