Maianthemum stellatum |
Maianthemum dilatatum |
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little false Solomon's-seal, small false Solomon's seal, smilacine étoilée, star-flower false Solomon's-seal, star-flower Solomon's-seal, star-like false Solomon's-seal, starry false lily-of-the-valley, starry false Solomon's seal, starry Solomon's seal |
beadruby, false lily-of-the-valley, May-lily, Pacific May lily, snakeberry, two-leaf false Solomon's-seal, two-leaf Solomon's seal, wild lily-of-the-valley |
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Habit | Plants terrestrial, 15–45 cm. | Plants terrestrial, 20–45 cm. |
Rhizomes | sympodial, proliferatively spreading, narrow-cylindrical, units 15–60 cm × 3–4.5 mm, roots scattered over surfaces. |
sympodial, proliferatively branching, units 8–20 cm × 1–1.5 mm, roots restricted to nodes. |
Stems | erect, 2.5–5 dm × 2–3.5 mm. |
erect, 1.5–3.5 dm × 2–4 mm. |
Leaves | 8–11, sessile, clasping; blade ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, 5–6 × 2.5–3.5 cm; base rounded; apex acute. |
solitary on sterile shoots, 2–3 on fertile shoots, petiolate; blade cordate, 6–10 × 5–8 cm; base lobed, with deep sinus; apex sharply acute; proximal leaves short-petiolate, blade triangular to cordate, petiole 4–7 cm; distal leaves petiolate, blade deeply cordate, petiole 7–10 cm. |
Inflorescences | racemose, simple, 6–15-flowered. |
racemose, complex, 15–40-flowered. |
Flowers | 1 per node, 3-merous; tepals conspicuous, 4–5 × 1.5–2 mm; filaments 1.2–1.5 mm; anthers 0.6–0.8 mm; ovary globose to cylindrical, ca. 1 mm wide; style 1.3–1.8 mm; stigma obscurely 3-lobed; pedicel 6–12 × 0.8–1 mm. |
(1–)3(–4) per node, 2-merous; tepals conspicuous, 2–3.2 × 1.5 mm; filaments 1.5 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4 mm; ovary globose, 0.8–1 mm wide; style 0.4–0.5 mm; stigma distinctly 2-lobed; pedicel 3–5 × 0.2–0.4 mm. |
Berries | green with black stripes along median carpel vein when young, maturing to red, globose, 4–6 mm diam. |
green mottled with red when young, maturing to deep translucent red, globose, 4–6 mm diam. |
Seeds | 1–6, globose, 2.5–3 mm. |
1–2, globose, 2–3 mm. |
2n | = 36. |
= 36. |
Maianthemum stellatum |
Maianthemum dilatatum |
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Phenology | Flowering mid or late spring. | Flowering early spring. |
Habitat | Sand dunes, marginal woodlands, oak openings | Abundant in coniferous and deciduous forests, especially in forest margins |
Elevation | 0–3200 m (0–10500 ft) | 0–800 m (0–2600 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; disjunct in nw Mexico
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AK; CA; ID; OR; WA; BC; YT; Asia (Kamtchatka peninsula in e Russia to Japan)
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Discussion | Variation in the gross morphology, karyology, and ecology of the North American populations has been documented (S. Kawano et al. 1971) and compared with that of disjunct populations in Japan (S. Kawano et al. 1968b). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 209. | FNA vol. 26, p. 208. |
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Maianthemum | Liliaceae > Maianthemum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Convallaria stellata, Smilacina liliacea, Smilacina stellata, Unifolium liliaceum, Unifolium sessilifolium, Unifolium stellatum, Vagnera liliacea, Vagnera sessilifolia, Vagnera stellata | M. bifolium var. dilatatum, M. bifolium var. kamtschaticum, M. kamtschaticum, Unifolium dilatatum, Unifolium kamtschaticum |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 343. (1821) | (Alph. Wood) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 61: 30. (1916) |
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