Maianthemum racemosum |
Maianthemum stellatum |
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false Solomon's-seal, false spikenard, feathery false lily of the valley, feathery false Solomon's-seal, large false Solomon's-seal, plumed Solomon's seal, Solomon's-plume, treacleberry |
little false Solomon's-seal, small false Solomon's seal, smilacine étoilée, star-flower false Solomon's-seal, star-flower Solomon's-seal, star-like false Solomon's-seal, starry false lily-of-the-valley, starry false Solomon's seal, starry Solomon's seal |
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Habit | Plants terrestrial, to 12.5 cm. | Plants terrestrial, 15–45 cm. | ||||
Rhizomes | sympodial, cylindrical, units 30–40 cm × 8–14 mm, sometimes multiplied, roots scattered. |
sympodial, proliferatively spreading, narrow-cylindrical, units 15–60 cm × 3–4.5 mm, roots scattered over surfaces. |
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Stems | erect or arching, 7.5–12.5 dm × 7–9 mm. |
erect, 2.5–5 dm × 2–3.5 mm. |
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Leaves | 7–12, sessile and clasping, or petiolate; blade elliptic to ovate, 9–17 × 5–8 cm; base rounded or tapered; apex acute or caudate. |
8–11, sessile, clasping; blade ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, 5–6 × 2.5–3.5 cm; base rounded; apex acute. |
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Inflorescences | paniculate, 70–250-flowered, branches well developed, pyramidal. |
racemose, simple, 6–15-flowered. |
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Flowers | 3-merous; tepals inconspicuous, 0.5–1 × 0.5 mm; filaments 1 × 0.5 mm; anthers 0.5–1 mm; ovary globose, 1 mm wide; style 0.1–0.3 mm; stigma obscure; pedicel 0.5–1 × 0.5 mm. |
1 per node, 3-merous; tepals conspicuous, 4–5 × 1.5–2 mm; filaments 1.2–1.5 mm; anthers 0.6–0.8 mm; ovary globose to cylindrical, ca. 1 mm wide; style 1.3–1.8 mm; stigma obscurely 3-lobed; pedicel 6–12 × 0.8–1 mm. |
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Berries | green with copper spots when young, maturing to deep translucent red, globose or 3-lobed, 4–6 mm wide. |
green with black stripes along median carpel vein when young, maturing to red, globose, 4–6 mm diam. |
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Seeds | 1–4, globose, 2.5–4 mm. |
1–6, globose, 2.5–3 mm. |
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2n | = 36, 72, 144. |
= 36. |
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Maianthemum racemosum |
Maianthemum stellatum |
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Phenology | Flowering mid or late spring. | |||||
Habitat | Sand dunes, marginal woodlands, oak openings | |||||
Elevation | 0–3200 m (0–10500 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
North America; n Mexico
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; disjunct in nw Mexico
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Maianthemum racemosum is sometimes cultivated. It was described as apomictic (A. L. Gorham 1953) but is much in need of cytogeographic and reproductive biological studies. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 208. | FNA vol. 26, p. 209. | ||||
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Maianthemum | Liliaceae > Maianthemum | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Convallaria racemosa, Smilacina racemosa, Unifolium racemosum | Convallaria stellata, Smilacina liliacea, Smilacina stellata, Unifolium liliaceum, Unifolium sessilifolium, Unifolium stellatum, Vagnera liliacea, Vagnera sessilifolia, Vagnera stellata | ||||
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 343. (1821) | (Linnaeus) Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 343. (1821) | ||||
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