Madia gracilis |
Madia radiata |
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common tarweed, grassy tarplant, grassy tarweed, gumweed, slender tarweed |
golden madia, showy golden madia, showy madia |
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Habit | Plants 6–100 cm, self-compatible (heads not showy). | Plants 10–90 cm; self-incompatible (heads showy). |
Stems | proximally pilose to hirsute, distally glandular-pubescent, glands yelloish, purple, or black, lateral branches seldom surpassing main stems. |
glandular-pubescent, glands yelloish or purple, lateral branches often surpassing main stems. |
Leaf | blades oblong to linear, 1–10(–15) cm × 1–8(–10) mm. |
blades lanceolate to linear, 2–10 cm × 4–15 mm. |
Involucres | depressed-globose to urceolate, 5–10 mm. |
depressed-globose, 4–7 mm. |
Ray florets | 3–10; corollas lemon yellow or greenish yellow, laminae 1.5–8 mm. |
8–16; corollas golden yellow, laminae 6–19 mm. |
Disc florets | 2–16+, bisexual, fertile; corollas 2.5–5 mm, pubescent; anthers ± dark purple. |
18–65, bisexual, fertile; corollas 3.5–5.5 mm, pubescent; anthers yellow to brownish. |
Phyllaries | sometimes hirsute, always finely or coarsely glandular-pubescent, glands yellowish, purple, or black, apices erect or ± reflexed, flat. |
pilose to hispid (hairs uncinate) and glandular-pubescent, glands yellowish or purple, apices ± erect or reflexed, flat. |
Heads | in ± open, paniculiform or racemiform arrays. |
in open, ± corymbiform arrays. |
Disc cypselae | similar. |
similar, not beaked. |
Ray cypselae | black, purple, or mottled, dull, compressed, beakless (or nearly so). |
black, purple, or mottled, dull or glossy, compressed (strongly arcuate), beaked (beaks adaxially offset, curved). |
Paleae | mostly persistent, connate 1/2+ their lengths. |
readily falling, distinct. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
= 16. |
Madia gracilis |
Madia radiata |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Open or partially shaded slopes or flats in grasslands, meadows, shrublands, woodlands, and forests, disturbed sites, stream banks, roadsides, coarse to fine textured soils, sometimes serpentine | Grasslands, openings in woodlands or chaparral, disturbed sites, usually heavy, clayey soils, often from decomposed shale |
Elevation | 0–2500 m (0–8200 ft) | 20–1200 m (100–3900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA
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Discussion | Madia gracilis occurs widely in California (except the warm deserts), is scattered across much of Nevada, Oregon, and Washington (outside the driest regions), and extends into southernmost British Columbia, north-western Montana, and northern Utah. Near the coast, M. gracilis sometimes co-occurs with M. sativa; the two species are partially interfertile (M. gracilis tends to flower earlier than M. sativa; J. Clausen 1951). Reported occurrences of M. gracilis in Maine and South America have not been confirmed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Madia radiata occurs in the Inner South Coast Ranges and, locally, in the eastern San Francisco Bay area. It sometimes co-occurs with Deinandra halliana; the two species are morphologically similar. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 308. | FNA vol. 21, p. 305. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Madiinae > Madia | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Madiinae > Madia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Sclerocarpus gracilis, M. gracilis subsp. collina, M. gracilis subsp. pilosa | |
Name authority | (Smith) D. D. Keck: Madroño 5: 169. (1940) | Kellogg: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. Sci. 4: 190. (1870) |
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