Lygodesmia juncea |
Lygodesmia texana |
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rush skeletonplant, rushlike skeleton-plant |
Texas skeletonplant |
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Habit | Perennials, 10–35(–70) cm (in bushy clumps); taproots deep, vertical, rhizomes branched, woody. | Perennials 25–65 cm (in clumps); taproots thick, fleshy or woody, rhizomes spreading. |
Stems | erect to ascending or decumbent, green, glaucous, much branched from bases and distally, strongly striate, glabrous (often bearing round galls). |
erect, green, stout, branched from bases and distally, weakly striate, glabrous. |
Leaves | (basal not in rosettes, absent at flowering); proximal blades linear, 5–30(–60) × 1–2(–4) mm, margins entire, apices acute, faces glabrous; cauline reduced to subulate scales. |
(basal forming rosettes, sometimes withering before flowering) proximal blades linear, 100–200 × 1–8 mm, margins of usually pinnately laciniately lobed, lobes remote and narrow, 1–15 mm; cauline similar, 5–10 mm, reduced to scales distally. |
Involucres | cylindric, 10–16 × 4–6 mm, apices spreading. |
cylindric, 18–25 mm × 5–8 mm, apices narrow. |
Florets | usually 5; corollas usually light pink to lavender, rarely white, 18–20 mm, ligules 3–4 mm wide. |
8–12; corollas usually pink, purple, or lavender, rarely white, 35–40 mm, ligules 5–6 mm wide. |
Phyllaries | 5(–7), linear, 10–15 mm, margins scarious, apices acute or obtuse, not appendaged, faces glabrous. |
8–10, linear, 18–26 mm, margins scarious, apices appendaged, faces glabrous or tomentulose. |
Calyculi | of 8, ovate to linear bractlets 2–4 mm, margins erose-ciliate (faces glabrous). |
of 8–10, ovate bractlets 1–3 mm, margins ciliate-tomentulose. |
Heads | (1–50+) borne singly or in corymbiform arrays. |
borne singly. |
Cypselae | 6–10 mm, weakly striate, glabrous; pappi 6–9 mm. |
11–17 mm, faces smooth, adaxial not sulcate, glabrous; pappi 10–15 mm. |
2n | = 18. |
= 18. |
Lygodesmia juncea |
Lygodesmia texana |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Apr–Sep. |
Habitat | High Plains, rolling short-grass prairies, blufftop prairies, loess hills, sandy to silty soils, disturbed sites, railroads, roadsides, barren areas | Rocky, calcareous, alkaline soils in oak-juniper woodlands, mesquite brushlands, open grasslands, red sandy soils, roadsides |
Elevation | 600–2300 m (2000–7500 ft) | 100–1800 m (300–5900 ft) |
Distribution |
AR; AZ; CO; IA; ID; IN; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OK; SD; TX; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK
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NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Coahuila)
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Discussion | Lygodesmia juncea is the most widespread species of the genus, occurring throughout the High Plains region of North America. It is easily distinguished by its bushy habit, greatly reduced cauline leaves, relatively small heads and involucres, and phyllaries lacking appendages. Mature cypselae are rarely found on this species, and the plants are presumably sterile and reproduce mainly by vegetative means. Many specimens have round galls to 10 mm diameter on the stems, produced by solitary wasps and apparently unique to this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lygodesmia texana is easily distinguished by its laciniate-lobed basal leaves that form rosettes in younger stages, relatively large involucres and florets, phyllaries with an apical appendage, and smooth cypselae. It is closely related to L. aphylla, which has a more eastern distribution, lacks laciniate leaves in rosettes, and has sulcate cypselae. Lygodesmia texana apparently hybridizes with L. ramossisima in trans-Pecos Texas, and the two species can be difficult to distinguish (A. S. Tomb 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 372. | FNA vol. 19, p. 373. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lygodesmia | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lygodesmia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Prenanthes juncea | L. aphylla var. texana |
Name authority | (Pursh) D. Don ex Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 295. (1833) | (Torrey & A. Gray) Greene ex Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1315. (1903) |
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