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Texas bluebonnet, Texas lupine

silvery lupine

Habit Herbs, annual, 1.5–4 dm, pubescent, hair appressed or ascending. Herbs, perennial, 1–15 dm, green and glabrous or silvery-hairy; from superficial or shallowly buried root crown.
Stems

ascending or erect, branched.

erect or ascending, green or purplish, clustered, branched or unbranched.

Leaves

cauline, crowded near base;

petiole 2–6 cm;

leaflets 5 or 6(or 7), blades 10–25 × 6–12 mm, adaxial surface glabrous.

basal and/or cauline;

stipules 2–12 mm;

petiole 1–15 cm;

leaflets (5 or)6–10, blades 10–60 × 4–10 mm, abaxial surface hairy, adaxial surface glabrous or hairy (but not strigose).

Racemes

2–12 cm;

flowers spirally arranged.

loose, 5–16(–25) cm;

flowers whorled or not.

Peduncles

3–6 cm;

bracts deciduous, 2–3 mm.

(1–)4–25(–30) cm;

bracts usually deciduous, 3–4 mm.

Pedicels

4–6 mm.

(1–)2–5(–7) mm.

Flowers

10–13 mm;

calyx 6–8 mm, abaxial lobe entire or cleft, 4–5 mm, adaxial lobe cleft, 2–3 mm, hairs silvery;

corolla usually dark blue, rarely white, banner spot bright white, keel glabrous, wings flat.

5–15 mm;

calyx 4–8 mm, bulge or spur 0–3 mm (may be variable on plant), abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed;

corolla usually blue, sometimes purple, violet, pink, lilac, or white, banner patch yellowish to whitish, blue, brown, or absent, banner not much reflexed-recurved beyond midpoint, this less than 3 mm proximal to apex, banner glabrous or pubescent abaxially, wings glabrous, lower keel margins glabrous, upper margins ciliate.

Legumes

2.5–3.5 cm, white silky-villous.

(1–)2–3 cm, hairy or silky.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

4 or 5.

(2 or)3–5(or 6), tan, brown, or red.

2n

= 36.

Lupinus texensis

Lupinus argenteus

Phenology Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Prairies, open fields, pas­tures, roadsides.
Elevation 0–600 m. (0–2000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; LA; OK; TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Léon, Tamaulipas)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w North America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus texensis is introduced in Florida in Alachua and Pinellas counties. In Texas, it is widespread in the southern two-thirds of the state.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 14 (14 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyx spur 1–3 mm.
→ 2
2. Flowers in profile appearing open, spur pronounced.
var. heteranthus
2. Flowers in profile appearing closed; spur less pronounced.
→ 3
3. Petioles of proximal cauline leaves 1.5–3 cm.
var. argophyllus
3. Petioles of proximal cauline leaves 3–12 cm.
var. utahensis
1. Calyx bulge 0–1 mm, but not elongated into a spur.
→ 4
4. Leaflets oblanceolate, flat, green, surfaces glabrous or adaxially pubescent; plants of cool, moist mountain meadows, stream banks, lakeshores.
→ 5
5. Corollas pale blue with brown banner patch; pedicels 1–2.5 mm.
var. fulvomaculatus
5. Corollas usually blue with yellow banner spot or none; pedicels usually 3–4 mm.
→ 6
6. Stems unbranched and racemes sol­itary, terminal.
var. rubricaulis
6. Stems branched, giving rise to several racemes.
→ 7
7. Corolla wings (7.5–)8–10 mm.
var. argentatus
7. Corolla wings 5–7.5 mm.
var. parviflorus
4. Leaflets oblanceolate or elliptic-oblanceolate, narrow and often folded, surfaces gray or silver-pubescent; plants of dry open areas, foothills to mountains.
→ 8
8. Stem hairs descending in backward direction or widely spreading.
var. palmeri
8. Stem hairs forwardly appressed.
→ 9
9. Flowers large, (7–)8–15 mm.
→ 10
10. Basal and cauline leaves present at flowering.
var. montigenus
10. Basal leaves absent at flowering.
→ 11
11. Flowers (7–)8–12 mm.
var. argenteus
11. Flowers 12–15 mm.
var. moabensis
9. Flowers small, 5–7(–9) mm.
→ 12
12. Banners densely pubescent.
→ 40g
40g. Lupinus argenteus var. holosericeus.
→ 12
12. Banner glabrous or thinly strigulose abaxially.
→ 13
13. Wings 5.5–7 mm; banner usually thinly strigulose abaxially; Kai­bab Plateau, Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah; elevation 2000–2800 m.
var. hillii
13. Wings 5–6 mm; banner glabrous abaxially; Sierra Nevada, California, adjacent Nevada; elevation 1500–3500 m.
var. meionanthus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Subordinate taxa
L. argenteus var. argentatus, L. argenteus var. argenteus, L. argenteus var. argophyllus, L. argenteus var. fulvomaculatus, L. argenteus var. heteranthus, L. argenteus var. hillii, L. argenteus var. meionanthus, L. argenteus var. moabensis, L. argenteus var. montigenus, L. argenteus var. palmeri, L. argenteus var. parviflorus, L. argenteus var. rubricaulis, L. argenteus var. utahensis
Name authority Hooker: Bot. Mag. 63: plate 3492. (1836) Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 468. (1814)
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