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Kincaid's lupine, sulfur lupine, sulphur lupine

lady lupine

Habit Herbs, perennial, (3–)4–8(–10) dm, hairs stiff to silky-appressed, whitish, grayish, or brownish. Herbs, usually annual, sometimes biennial, robust, 2–6 dm, spreading, hairs long, shaggy, silver or tawny.
Stems

erect, densely tufted, unbranched distally.

sprawling or ascending, clustered, branched.

Leaves

basal and cauline, persisting until after flowering;

stipules 4–8 mm;

proximal petioles 4–20 cm, distal ones 1.5–5 cm;

leaflets 6–15, blades white to greenish, (20–)25–70 × 4–10 mm, abaxial surface hairy-strigulose or sericeous, adaxial surface strigulose-silky to sparsely hairy or glabrous.

basal;

stipules conspicuous, 20–30 mm;

petiole 3.5–9.5 cm;

leaflet 1, blades 150–270 × 12–33 mm, surfaces sericeous or abaxially thinly pubescent.

Racemes

6–20 cm;

flowers whorled or spirally arranged.

11–25 cm;

flowers whorled or spirally arranged.

Peduncles

2.5–6 cm;

bracts tardily deciduous, 5–9 mm.

7–9 cm;

bracts deciduous, 6–15 mm.

Pedicels

(2–)4–10 mm.

2–4 mm.

Flowers

8–12 mm;

calyx asymmetrical but not spurred, silky, abaxial lobe entire, 4–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-fid, 3–5 mm;

corolla pale sulfur yellow, blue, or white, banner glabrous or sparsely hairy abaxially (pubescence extending above calyx as a line), upper keel margins usually ciliate most of length, sometimes glabrous.

10–14 mm;

calyx abaxial lobe entire, 10–11 mm, adaxial lobe entire, 7–9 mm;

corolla lilac to reddish purple or pink, banner spot maroon, glabrous.

Legumes

2–3 cm, pilose to silky.

(1.5–)2.5–4 cm, shaggy-villous.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

4 or 5, pinkish brown.

2–4.

2n

= 52.

Lupinus sulphureus

Lupinus villosus

Phenology Flowering Mar–Apr.
Habitat Sandhills, open woods.
Elevation 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
w North America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In Florida, Lupinus villosus reaches as far south as Polk County.

Lupinus villosus is of conservation concern in North Carolina.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Racemes (5–)12–20 cm; flowers usually sulfur yellow (ranging from white to occasionally blue); leaflet blade adaxial surface strigose-silky to sparsely hairy or glabrous, abaxial surface hairy strigulose.
var. sulphureus
1. Racemes 7–10(–11) cm; flowers blue to white; leaflet blade surfaces ± equally strigulose or sericeous.
var. bingenensis
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. westianus
Subordinate taxa
L. sulphureus var. bingenensis, L. sulphureus var. sulphureus
Name authority Douglas in W. J. Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 166. (1832) Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 3: 1029. (1802)
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