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Texas bluebonnet

Kincaid's lupine, Oregon lupine

Habit Herbs, annual, 1.5–4 dm, pubescent, hairs appressed or ascending. Herbs, perennial, 3–10 dm, appressed-silky, green but sometimes hair is tawny; rhizomatous.
Stems

ascending or erect, branched.

erect, usually unbranched.

Leaves

cauline, often crowded near base;

petiole 1–6 cm;

leaflets 5 or 6, blades 10–25 × 4–15 mm, adaxial surface glabrate.

cauline (few and large) and basal (persistent until after anthesis);

stipules 11 mm;

petiole 5–20 cm;

leaflets (7–)9–11(or 12), blades 20–50(–80) × 5–12 mm, abaxial surface with long, appressed hairs, especially on margins and veins, adaxial surface usually glabrous.

Racemes

6–12 cm;

flowers crowded or spaced, spirally arranged, crowded on young growth.

loose, 11–40 cm;

flowers spirally arranged or whorled.

Peduncles

3–8 cm;

bracts deciduous, 2.5–3 mm.

11–18 cm;

bracts deciduous, 5 mm.

Pedicels

3–7 mm.

5–12 mm.

Flowers

9–12 mm;

calyx 5–6 mm, abaxial lobe 3-lobed, 3–4 mm, adaxial lobe cleft, 2–2.5 mm, hairs becoming yellowish gray or brown on dried material;

corolla pale blue-violet, banner spot white, keel glabrous, wings inflated.

fragrant, 8–13 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 6 mm, adaxial lobe notched, 4–6 mm;

corolla blue to purple, yellowish, or creamy white, banner distinctly ruffled, markedly concave on lateral face, banner glabrous or sparsely pubescent abaxially, wings glabrous, keel curved upward, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin glabrous.

Legumes

2.5–3.5 cm, yellowish gray- or brown-villous.

2–3 cm, glabrous.

Cotyledons

usually persistent, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

4 or 5.

4 or 5.

2n

= 36.

= 48.

Lupinus subcarnosus

Lupinus oreganus

Phenology Flowering spring. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Sandy soils, roadsides, open woodlands, coastal plains. Dry hills, open ground, rocky, well-drained soils, sometimes serpentine, upland prairies, ecotones between grasslands and forests.
Elevation 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) 70–900 m. (200–3000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Léon)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus subcarnosus is abundant and conspicuous in the coastal plain of southeastern Texas and extends into northern Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Lupinus oreganus is known from west of the Cascades from Douglas County, Oregon, northward to Lewis County in Washington. Historically, it was found in British Columbia in Victoria on Vancouver Island but has not been seen there since the 1920s and is now considered extirpated there.

Lupinus oreganus is a food plant for Fender’s Blue Butterfly, listed by ESA as endangered. Lupinus oreganus (as var. kincaidii) is listed as endangered in Washington. It is also listed as extirpated by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada and the Species at Risk Act.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Synonyms L. oreganus var. kincaidii, L. sulphureus var. kincaidii
Name authority Hooker: Bot. Mag. 63: plate 3467. (1836) A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 7: 89, fig. 14. (1911)
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