Lupinus polyphyllus |
Lupinus arbustus |
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big-leaf lupine, blue lupine, bog lupine, large-leaf lupine |
grassland lupine (ssp. neolaxiflorus), long-spur lupine, Montana lupine (ssp. pseudoparviflorus), spur lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1–15 dm, green, glabrous or hairy; caudex subterranean and divisions rhizomelike, or superficial and divisions closely tufted. | Herbs, perennial, 2–7 dm, green or gray-silky. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect, tufted, unbranched, stout, usually hollow. |
erect, ascending, or decumbent, branched. |
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Leaves | basal and cauline; stipules not leaflike, green to silvery, 5–40 mm; petiole 3–45 cm, basal long-petiolate and forming a basal tuft, cauline petioles shorter distally; leaflets (5 or)6–12(–17), blades (10–)30–150 × 5–25 mm, adaxial surface hairy or glabrous. |
cauline and basal; stipules 4–9 mm; petiole 2–16 cm; leaflets 7–10(–13), blades 20–70 × 3–15 mm, adaxial surface strigose. |
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Racemes | open, 6–40 cm; flowers ± whorled. |
open, 3–18 cm; flowers whorled. |
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Peduncles | 3–13 cm; bracts deciduous, 7–11 mm. |
2–5 cm; bracts deciduous, 3–6 mm. |
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Pedicels | (2–)3–15 mm. |
1–7 mm. |
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Flowers | 9–15 mm; calyx 4–8 mm, bulge or spur 0–1 mm, lobes entire; corolla violet to lavender, pink, or white, banner patch yellow to white, sometimes turning red-purple, banner glabrous abaxially, keel upcurved, glabrous, ciliate, or ciliolate. |
8–14 mm; calyx spur distinct, 1–3 mm, abaxial lobe 3-toothed, 2.5–5 mm, 1–3 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 2–4 mm; corolla blue, purple, pink, white, or yellowish, banner patch white, yellowish, or absent, banner hairy abaxially, wings with dense hair patch outside near tip, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate. |
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Legumes | 2.5–5 × 0.7–1 cm, hairy. |
2–3 cm, silky. |
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Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
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Seeds | 3–9. |
3–6, tan, 5–6 mm. |
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Lupinus polyphyllus |
Lupinus arbustus |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Open sagebrush scrub or mixed-conifer forests. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 1500–3000 m. (4900–9800 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
w North America [Introduced in South America (Argentina, Chile), Eurasia, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; BC
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Discussion | Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). Lupinus polyphyllus was hybridized with L. arboreus and other species to create the Russell Lupine garden hybrid, which is invasive and occurs in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus arbustus is known from the Cascade and Klamath ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and the Great Basin area in California; Owyhee Desert in Idaho and Oregon; eastern Washington and western Montana; and western Juab and Tooele counties, Utah. Lupinus arbustus is separated from the argenteus group by the presence of hairs on the corolla wings. Recognition of subspecies and varieties of this already complex species leads to precarious separation among taxa. Lupinus variegatus A. Heller (1912, not Poiret 1814) is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | L. arbustus subsp. calcaratus, L. arbustus var. montanus, L. arbustus subsp. neolaxiflorus, L. arbustus subsp. pseudoparviflorus, L. arbustus subsp. silvicola, L. caesius, L. caudatus var. submanens, L. caudatus var. subtenellus, L. elegantulus, L. inyoensis var. demissus, L. laxiflorus var. calcaratus, L. laxiflorus var. cognatus, L. laxiflorus var. elmerianus, L. laxiflorus var. lyleianus, L. laxiflorus var. pseudoparviflorus, L. laxiflorus var. silvicola, L. laxiflorus var. villosulus, L. lyleianus, L. mucronulatus var. umatillensis, L. multitinctus, L. noldekeae, L. proteanus, L. pseudoparviflorus, L. silvicola, L. wenatchensis, L. yakimensis | |||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1096. (1827) | Douglas: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1230. (1829) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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