Lupinus oreganus |
Lupinus benthamii |
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Kincaid's lupine, Oregon lupine |
spider lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 3–10 dm, appressed-silky, green but sometimes hair is tawny; rhizomatous. | Herbs, annual, 2–7 dm, with short-appressed and long, spreading hairs. |
Stems | erect, usually unbranched. |
erect, usually branched, sometimes unbranched. |
Leaves | cauline (few and large) and basal (persistent until after anthesis); stipules 11 mm; petiole 5–20 cm; leaflets (7–)9–11(or 12), blades 20–50(–80) × 5–12 mm, abaxial surface with long, appressed hairs, especially on margins and veins, adaxial surface usually glabrous. |
cauline; petiole 3–12 cm; leaflets 7–10, blades 20–50 × 1.5–3.5 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
Racemes | loose, 11–40 cm; flowers spirally arranged or whorled. |
10–40 cm; flowers spirally arranged, sometimes appearing ± whorled proximally. |
Peduncles | 11–18 cm; bracts deciduous, 5 mm. |
4–7 cm; bracts deciduous, 10–15 mm, longer than buds. |
Pedicels | 5–12 mm. |
5–9 mm. |
Flowers | fragrant, 8–13 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 6 mm, adaxial lobe notched, 4–6 mm; corolla blue to purple, yellowish, or creamy white, banner distinctly ruffled, markedly concave on lateral face, banner glabrous or sparsely pubescent abaxially, wings glabrous, keel curved upward, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin glabrous. |
10–18 mm; calyx 5–6.5 mm, lobes ± equal, abaxial lobe entire, adaxial lobe deeply cleft; corolla bright blue, banner spot whitish, becoming magenta, lower keel margins ciliate near claw. |
Legumes | 2–3 cm, glabrous. |
3 cm, coarsely pubescent. |
Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 4 or 5. |
5–8. |
2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus oreganus |
Lupinus benthamii |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Dry hills, open ground, rocky, well-drained soils, sometimes serpentine, upland prairies, ecotones between grasslands and forests. | Rocky slopes, open areas. |
Elevation | 70–900 m. (200–3000 ft.) | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) |
Distribution |
OR; WA
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CA
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Discussion | Lupinus oreganus is known from west of the Cascades from Douglas County, Oregon, northward to Lewis County in Washington. Historically, it was found in British Columbia in Victoria on Vancouver Island but has not been seen there since the 1920s and is now considered extirpated there. Lupinus oreganus is a food plant for Fender’s Blue Butterfly, listed by ESA as endangered. Lupinus oreganus (as var. kincaidii) is listed as endangered in Washington. It is also listed as extirpated by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada and the Species at Risk Act. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus benthamii occurs in the Sierra Nevada Foothills, Tehachapi Mountains, South Coastal Ranges, and parts of the delta region of the Great Central Valley. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. oreganus var. kincaidii, L. sulphureus var. kincaidii | L. leptophyllus, L. benthamii var. opimus |
Name authority | A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 7: 89, fig. 14. (1911) | A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 2: 61. (1905) — (as benthami) |
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