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chick lupine, wide-bannered lupine

Donner Lake lupine, dwarf lupine, Lobb's lupine, Pacific lupine, prairie lupine, prostrate lupine, stool lupine, tidy lupine

Habit Herbs, annual, 1–8 dm, sparsely to densely pubescent. Herbs, perennial, less than 6 dm, matted, hairy.
Stems

ascending or erect, branched near base or middle, or unbranched, hollow, at least near base.

acaulescent or prostrate to ± erect, unbranched or branched.

Leaves

cauline;

petiole 3–15 cm;

leaflets 5–9(–11), blades 10–50 × 2–12 mm, adaxial surface glabrous.

usually basal, sometimes cauline present;

stipules 3–25 mm;

petiole 2–13 cm;

leaflets 5–8, blades 5–40 × 3–7 mm, surfaces pubescent.

Racemes

4–60 cm;

flowers in crowded to widely spaced whorls.

dense, 3–20 cm, not exceeding to exserted beyond leaves;

flowers whorled, usually crowded.

Peduncles

2–30 cm;

bracts persistent, reflexed, 3.5–12 mm.

2–13 cm;

bracts usually persistent, 4–15 mm.

Pedicels

0.5–5 mm.

0.4–3 mm.

Flowers

8–18 mm;

calyx appendages usually absent, sometimes present, abaxial lobe 5–11 mm, adaxial lobe 2–6 mm;

corolla white to dark yellow, pink to dark rose, or lavender to purple, lower wing margins sometimes ciliate, upper margins usually ciliate near claw, upper keel margins usually ciliate near claw, lower margins sometimes ciliate but not as densely.

6–13 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, 4–7 mm, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed, 3–7 mm;

corolla pink, violet, or blue, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate.

Legumes

1–1.8 cm, pubescent.

1–2 cm, hairy.

Cotyledons

persistent or deciduous (leaving circular scar), disclike, sessile.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

2, tan to brown, usually mottled, ridged or smooth.

2–6, ± mottled tan or green to brown, 2–4 mm.

Lupinus microcarpus

Lupinus lepidus

Distribution
from USDA
w North America; nw Mexico; South America
[WildflowerSearch map]
from USDA
w North America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

Lupinus microcarpus is highly variable and with varieties intergrading.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 10 (10 in the flora).

Dwarf perennial lupines are usually characterized by a cespitose habit, persistent inflorescence bracts, banners that are glabrous abaxially, and ciliate keel petals. The history of the taxonomy of this group was discussed in detail by B. J. Cox (1972), R. C. Barneby (1989), and K. A. Weitemier (2010). Barneby gave justification for his conservative treatment of this taxon, which is generally followed here. Genetic analysis in lupines has shown little separation, according to Weitemier, but he suggested that there is good evidence to retain these variations as varieties, following Barneby, rather than elevating them to species level.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Wings broadly elliptic, persistent and becoming translucent, upper and usually lower margins ciliate near claw; lower keel margins ciliate near claw; calyx appendages 1–2 mm.
var. horizontalis
1. Wings linear to oblanceolate, withering, not becoming translucent, upper margins usually ciliate near claw, lower rarely; lower keel margins sometimes ciliate near claw or sparsely so; calyx appendages usually absent.
→ 2
2. Calyx and flower bracts with long shaggy hairs; legumes usually erect or spreading.
var. microcarpus
2. Calyx and flower bracts with few short and appressed, or long and spreading hairs; legumes usually secund, sometimes spreading.
var. densiflorus
1. Racemes not exceeding leaves, or only partially so.
→ 2
2. Banner recurved, reflexed, 3+ mm wide.
var. aridus
2. Banner not or scarcely recurved, overhanging wings, 2.5–3 mm wide.
→ 3
3. Stems present and branched; leaves basal and cauline; racemes loose; pedicels 2.5–.
var. cusickii
3. Stems very short or absent, densely tufted; leaves basal; racemes dense; pedicels 0.4–.
→ 1
1. 5 mm.
var. utahensis
1. Racemes entirely exserted beyond leaves.
→ 4
4. Leaves clustered near base (appearing ± basal); herbs appearing acaulescent or shortly caulescent.
→ 5
5. Flowers 9–12 mm; leaflet blades 10–20 mm; rare, only from Mt. Ashland, Oregon.
L. lepidus var ashlandensis
5. Flowers 6–9(–10) mm; leaflet blades 5–30 mm; British Columbia southward to California, eastward to Idaho, Nevada.
→ 6
6. Racemes ± dense, 2–8 cm; herbs to 1 dm; leaflet blades 5–10 mm; elevation (1600–)2000–3500 m.
var. lobbii
6. Racemes elongate, (2–)4.5–11(–15) cm; herbs 1.2–3.5 dm; leaflet blades 10–30 mm; elevation 1000–2500 m.
var. sellulus
4. Leaves usually spread along stems or at least with some tufts of cauline leaves; herbs usually strongly caulescent (except stems short or absent in var. culbertsonii).
→ 7
7. Flowers 10–14 mm; Alberta, British Columbia, Alaska, Oregon, Washington.
var. lepidus
7. Flowers 7–11.5(–12) mm; California, Nevada.
→ 8
8. Racemes dense, (5–)12–30 cm; flowers in 9–12 whorls, dense; leaves cauline; elevation (300–)1500–2500(–3200 m).
var. confertus
8. Racemes usually open, 2–10(–12) cm; flowers in (2 or)3–7 whorls, ± well spaced; leaves basal and cauline; elevation 1900–4000 m.
→ 9
9. Leaflet blades usually 10–30 mm; flowers (9–)10–11.5 mm; elevation 1900–3600 m.
var. culbertsonii
9. Leaflet blades usually 5–15(–30) mm; flowers usually 7–9(–12) mm; elevation 2300–4000 m.
var. ramosus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Subordinate taxa
L. microcarpus var. densiflorus, L. microcarpus var. horizontalis, L. microcarpus var. microcarpus
L. lepidus var ashlandensis, L. lepidus var. aridus, L. lepidus var. confertus, L. lepidus var. culbertsonii, L. lepidus var. cusickii, L. lepidus var. lepidus, L. lepidus var. lobbii, L. lepidus var. ramosus, L. lepidus var. sellulus, L. lepidus var. utahensis
Name authority Sims: Bot. Mag. 50: plate 2413. (1823) Douglas ex Lindley: Bot. Reg. 14: plate 1149. (1828)
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