Lupinus latifolius |
Lupinus subcarnosus |
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broad-leaf lupine |
Texas bluebonnet |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 3–24 dm, not fleshy, green, glabrous or hairy. | Herbs, annual, 1.5–4 dm, pubescent, hairs appressed or ascending. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect or spreading, branched or unbranched. |
ascending or erect, branched. |
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Leaves | cauline, basal when present withered by anthesis; stipules 5–10 mm; petiole 4–20 cm; leaflets 5–11, blades 40–100 × 6–24 mm, abaxial surface ± hairy, adaxial surface glabrous or hairy. |
cauline, often crowded near base; petiole 1–6 cm; leaflets 5 or 6, blades 10–25 × 4–15 mm, adaxial surface glabrate. |
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Racemes | 16–60 cm; flowers whorled or spirally arranged. |
6–12 cm; flowers crowded or spaced, spirally arranged, crowded on young growth. |
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Peduncles | 8–20 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–12 mm. |
3–8 cm; bracts deciduous, 2.5–3 mm. |
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Pedicels | 2–12 mm. |
3–7 mm. |
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Flowers | 8–18 mm; calyx abaxial lobe entire or notched, 4–8 mm, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed, 5–10 mm; corolla blue or purple to white, banner patch usually white to yellowish turning purple, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins usually ciliate, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to middle. |
9–12 mm; calyx 5–6 mm, abaxial lobe 3-lobed, 3–4 mm, adaxial lobe cleft, 2–2.5 mm, hairs becoming yellowish gray or brown on dried material; corolla pale blue-violet, banner spot white, keel glabrous, wings inflated. |
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Legumes | 2–4.5 cm, ± densely hairy. |
2.5–3.5 cm, yellowish gray- or brown-villous. |
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Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
usually persistent, petiolate. |
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Seeds | 6–10, mottled dark brown, 3–4 mm. |
4 or 5. |
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2n | = 36. |
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Lupinus latifolius |
Lupinus subcarnosus |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Sandy soils, roadsides, open woodlands, coastal plains. | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
w North America; nw Mexico
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TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Léon) |
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Discussion | Varieties 5 (5 in the flora). Various authors have differed in their circumscriptions of Lupinus latifolius. For example, P. K. Vaughn and D. B. Dunn (1977) recognized three varieties, D. Isely (1998) recognized six varieties, and C. L. Hitchcock et al. (1955–1969, vol. 3) recognized three varieties. The most conservative approach has been taken here by recognizing taxa that have the clearest characteristics, but that approach might not reflect phylogeny. Research is needed to clarify the varieties and particularly the relationships among L. latifolius and L. arcticus, L. perennis, and L. polyphyllus. Lupinus latifolius is known to cause birth defects in livestock (R. F. Keeler et al. 1977). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus subcarnosus is abundant and conspicuous in the coastal plain of southeastern Texas and extends into northern Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | ||||||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | L. rivularis var. latifolius | |||||||||||||||||
Name authority | J. Agardh: Syn. Lupini, 18. (1835) | Hooker: Bot. Mag. 63: plate 3467. (1836) | ||||||||||||||||
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