Lupinus latifolius |
Lupinus oreganus |
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broad-leaf lupine |
Kincaid's lupine, Oregon lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 3–24 dm, not fleshy, green, glabrous or hairy. | Herbs, perennial, 3–10 dm, appressed-silky, green but sometimes hair is tawny; rhizomatous. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect or spreading, branched or unbranched. |
erect, usually unbranched. |
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Leaves | cauline, basal when present withered by anthesis; stipules 5–10 mm; petiole 4–20 cm; leaflets 5–11, blades 40–100 × 6–24 mm, abaxial surface ± hairy, adaxial surface glabrous or hairy. |
cauline (few and large) and basal (persistent until after anthesis); stipules 11 mm; petiole 5–20 cm; leaflets (7–)9–11(or 12), blades 20–50(–80) × 5–12 mm, abaxial surface with long, appressed hairs, especially on margins and veins, adaxial surface usually glabrous. |
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Racemes | 16–60 cm; flowers whorled or spirally arranged. |
loose, 11–40 cm; flowers spirally arranged or whorled. |
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Peduncles | 8–20 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–12 mm. |
11–18 cm; bracts deciduous, 5 mm. |
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Pedicels | 2–12 mm. |
5–12 mm. |
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Flowers | 8–18 mm; calyx abaxial lobe entire or notched, 4–8 mm, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed, 5–10 mm; corolla blue or purple to white, banner patch usually white to yellowish turning purple, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins usually ciliate, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to middle. |
fragrant, 8–13 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 6 mm, adaxial lobe notched, 4–6 mm; corolla blue to purple, yellowish, or creamy white, banner distinctly ruffled, markedly concave on lateral face, banner glabrous or sparsely pubescent abaxially, wings glabrous, keel curved upward, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin glabrous. |
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Legumes | 2–4.5 cm, ± densely hairy. |
2–3 cm, glabrous. |
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Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
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Seeds | 6–10, mottled dark brown, 3–4 mm. |
4 or 5. |
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2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus latifolius |
Lupinus oreganus |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Dry hills, open ground, rocky, well-drained soils, sometimes serpentine, upland prairies, ecotones between grasslands and forests. | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 70–900 m. [230–3000 ft.] | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
w North America; nw Mexico
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OR; WA
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Discussion | Varieties 5 (5 in the flora). Various authors have differed in their circumscriptions of Lupinus latifolius. For example, P. K. Vaughn and D. B. Dunn (1977) recognized three varieties, D. Isely (1998) recognized six varieties, and C. L. Hitchcock et al. (1955–1969, vol. 3) recognized three varieties. The most conservative approach has been taken here by recognizing taxa that have the clearest characteristics, but that approach might not reflect phylogeny. Research is needed to clarify the varieties and particularly the relationships among L. latifolius and L. arcticus, L. perennis, and L. polyphyllus. Lupinus latifolius is known to cause birth defects in livestock (R. F. Keeler et al. 1977). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus oreganus is known from west of the Cascades from Douglas County, Oregon, northward to Lewis County in Washington. Historically, it was found in British Columbia in Victoria on Vancouver Island but has not been seen there since the 1920s and is now considered extirpated there. Lupinus oreganus is a food plant for Fender’s Blue Butterfly, listed by ESA as endangered. Lupinus oreganus (as var. kincaidii) is listed as endangered in Washington. It is also listed as extirpated by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada and the Species at Risk Act. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | L. rivularis var. latifolius | L. oreganus var. kincaidii, L. sulphureus var. kincaidii | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | J. Agardh: Syn. Lupini, 18. (1835) | A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 7: 89, fig. 14. (1911) | ||||||||||||||||
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