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broad-leaf lupine

Nootka lupine

Habit Herbs, perennial, 3–24 dm, not fleshy, green, glabrous or hairy. Herbs, perennial, (1–)4–10(–12) dm, hairs appressed to spreading, sparse to dense; caudex subterranean, woody.
Stems

erect or spreading, branched or unbranched.

ascending to erect, clustered, unbranched or branched, sometimes thick, hollow.

Leaves

cauline, basal when present withered by anthesis;

stipules 5–10 mm;

petiole 4–20 cm;

leaflets 5–11, blades 40–100 × 6–24 mm, abaxial surface ± hairy, adaxial surface glabrous or hairy.

cauline;

stipules 1–8 cm;

proximal petioles 3–8.5 cm, distal ones 2–7 cm;

leaflets 5–8(–15), blades (10–)20–50(–70) × 5–15 mm, abaxial surface long-villous, adaxial surface usually glabrous or glabrate.

Racemes

16–60 cm;

flowers whorled or spirally arranged.

1.8–30 cm;

flowers in 1–15 whorls.

Peduncles

8–20 cm;

bracts deciduous, 8–12 mm.

(1–)4–9.5 cm;

bracts deciduous, 1–5 mm.

Pedicels

2–12 mm.

1–8 cm.

Flowers

8–18 mm;

calyx abaxial lobe entire or notched, 4–8 mm, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed, 5–10 mm;

corolla blue or purple to white, banner patch usually white to yellowish turning purple, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins usually ciliate, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to middle.

11–21 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or deeply lobed, 6–12 mm, adaxial lobe 2-lobed or cleft less than 1/3 length, 6–8 mm;

corolla usually bluish purple, sometimes pink, rarely white, banner glabrous abaxially, adaxial keel glabrous or densely ciliate along most of adaxial edge.

Legumes

2–4.5 cm, ± densely hairy.

3–6 cm, silky.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

6–10, mottled dark brown, 3–4 mm.

7–11.

Lupinus latifolius

Lupinus nootkatensis

Distribution
from USDA
w North America; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
n North America; Europe; Atlantic Islands (Iceland)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 5 (5 in the flora).

Various authors have differed in their circumscriptions of Lupinus latifolius. For example, P. K. Vaughn and D. B. Dunn (1977) recognized three varieties, D. Isely (1998) recognized six varieties, and C. L. Hitchcock et al. (1955–1969, vol. 3) recognized three varieties. The most conservative approach has been taken here by recognizing taxa that have the clearest characteristics, but that approach might not reflect phylogeny. Research is needed to clarify the varieties and particularly the relationships among L. latifolius and L. arcticus, L. perennis, and L. polyphyllus.

Lupinus latifolius is known to cause birth defects in livestock (R. F. Keeler et al. 1977).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Flowers 8–14 mm.
→ 2
2. Flowers 10–14(–16) mm.
var. latifolius
2. Flowers 8–10(–12) mm.
var. viridifolius
1. Flowers 12–18 mm.
→ 3
3. Stems densely hairy, not hollow; San Francisco Bay area, California.
var. dudleyi
3. Stems glabrate or sparsely strigose, hollow; sw California or n Oregon to British Columbia.
→ 4
4. Herbs 5–20 dm, caudex often unbranched; Arizona, California.
var. parishii
4. Herbs 2.5–6 dm, caudex branched; n Oregon to British Columbia.
var. subalpinus
1. Hairs spreading, long and shaggy; stems 10–15 mm diam.; bracts 16–19 mm.
var. nootkatensis
1. Hairs finely silky-sericeous; stems 6–7(–9) mm diam.; bracts 7–13 mm.
var. fruticosus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Subordinate taxa
L. latifolius var. dudleyi, L. latifolius var. latifolius, L. latifolius var. parishii, L. latifolius var. subalpinus, L. latifolius var. viridifolius
L. nootkatensis var. fruticosus, L. nootkatensis var. nootkatensis
Synonyms L. rivularis var. latifolius L. perennis var. nootkatensis
Name authority J. Agardh: Syn. Lupini, 18. (1835) Donn ex Sims: Bot. Mag. 32: plate 1311. (1810)
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