Lupinus latifolius |
Lupinus arcticus |
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broad-leaf lupine |
arctic lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 3–24 dm, not fleshy, green, glabrous or hairy. | Herbs, perennial, 1–4 dm, hairs thinly appressed silky-sericeous, or few to many and spreading; caudex superficial, divisions closely tufted. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect or spreading, branched or unbranched. |
ascending to erect, hollow, tufted, branched at crown. |
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Leaves | cauline, basal when present withered by anthesis; stipules 5–10 mm; petiole 4–20 cm; leaflets 5–11, blades 40–100 × 6–24 mm, abaxial surface ± hairy, adaxial surface glabrous or hairy. |
mostly basal with a few cauline proximal to inflorescences; stipules 8–10 mm; petiole 5–19 cm; leaflets 6–10, blades 13–90 × 10–15 mm, abaxial surface thinly strigose, adaxial surface glabrous. |
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Racemes | 16–60 cm; flowers whorled or spirally arranged. |
5–8(–15 in fruit) cm; flowers spirally arranged or in 3–7 whorls. |
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Peduncles | 8–20 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–12 mm. |
4–8.5 cm; bracts caducous to tardily deciduous, 8–14 mm. |
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Pedicels | 2–12 mm. |
4–6 mm. |
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Flowers | 8–18 mm; calyx abaxial lobe entire or notched, 4–8 mm, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed, 5–10 mm; corolla blue or purple to white, banner patch usually white to yellowish turning purple, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins usually ciliate, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to middle. |
14–19(–21) mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe 6–11 mm, entire or faintly notched at tip, adaxial lobe ± gibbous basally, adaxial lobe teeth with slight notch at tip, 4–8 mm; corolla usually blue to purplish, sometimes pink, rarely white, banner spot white or yellow, sometimes becoming purple, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins densely ciliate near claw or glabrous or sparsely ciliate towards tip, adaxial margin glabrous or sparsely ciliate towards tips. |
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Legumes | 2–4.5 cm, ± densely hairy. |
2–4.3 cm, silky-pilose. |
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Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
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Seeds | 6–10, mottled dark brown, 3–4 mm. |
5–8, mottled. |
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2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus latifolius |
Lupinus arcticus |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Well-drained hummocks of alpine and arctic tundra, moist to mesic meadows, gravel bars, clearings, roadsides, thickets, open forests. | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–2000 m. [0–6600 ft.] | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
w North America; nw Mexico
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AK; BC; NT; NU; YT
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Discussion | Varieties 5 (5 in the flora). Various authors have differed in their circumscriptions of Lupinus latifolius. For example, P. K. Vaughn and D. B. Dunn (1977) recognized three varieties, D. Isely (1998) recognized six varieties, and C. L. Hitchcock et al. (1955–1969, vol. 3) recognized three varieties. The most conservative approach has been taken here by recognizing taxa that have the clearest characteristics, but that approach might not reflect phylogeny. Research is needed to clarify the varieties and particularly the relationships among L. latifolius and L. arcticus, L. perennis, and L. polyphyllus. Lupinus latifolius is known to cause birth defects in livestock (R. F. Keeler et al. 1977). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The relationship between Lupinus arcticus and L. latifolius is unclear. They may be distinguished by the presence of proximal keel ciliation in L. latifolius, and basal rather than cauline leaves dominating in L. arcticus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | L. rivularis var. latifolius | L. borealis, L. donnellyensis, L. gakonensis, L. multicaulis, L. multifolius, L. nootkatensis var. kjellmannii, L. polyphyllus subsp. arcticus, L. toklatensis, L. yukonensis | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | J. Agardh: Syn. Lupini, 18. (1835) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 526. (1873) | ||||||||||||||||
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