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hyacinth lupine, San Jacinto lupine

Donner Lake lupine, dwarf lupine, Lobb's lupine, Pacific lupine, prairie lupine, prostrate lupine, stool lupine, tidy lupine

Habit Herbs, perennial, 4–10 dm, gray becoming green, sparsely hairy. Herbs, perennial, less than 6 dm, matted, hairy.
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched distally.

acaulescent or prostrate to ± erect, unbranched or branched.

Leaves

cauline;

stipules not leaflike, green to silvery, 5–16 mm;

petiole 3–6 cm;

leaflets 7–12, blades 30–80 × 4–8 mm, adaxial surface sparsely pubescent.

usually basal, sometimes cauline present;

stipules 3–25 mm;

petiole 2–13 cm;

leaflets 5–8, blades 5–40 × 3–7 mm, surfaces pubescent.

Racemes

4–22 cm;

flowers ± whorled.

dense, 3–20 cm, not exceeding to exserted beyond leaves;

flowers whorled, usually crowded.

Peduncles

3–12 cm;

bracts deciduous, 5–9 mm.

2–13 cm;

bracts usually persistent, 4–15 mm.

Pedicels

2–6 mm.

0.4–3 mm.

Flowers

13–16 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, 7–11 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 6–10 mm;

corolla light blue to purple, banner patch yellowish to white, banner glabrous abaxially, keel upcurved, glabrous, banner ovate, wings wide, covering keel tip.

6–13 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, 4–7 mm, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed, 3–7 mm;

corolla pink, violet, or blue, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate.

Legumes

3–4 cm, silky.

1–2 cm, hairy.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

3–7, beige, speckled brown, 4–6 mm.

2–6, ± mottled tan or green to brown, 2–4 mm.

Lupinus hyacinthinus

Lupinus lepidus

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Dry slopes, under yellow pines and white fir.
Elevation 2000–3500 m. (6600–11500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w North America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus hyacinthinus is found in southern California in the San Gabriel, San Jacinto, and Santa Rosa mountains and on the Sierra San Pedro Mártir in Baja California. It is distinguished from its close relatives by its larger flowers in combination with green (versus gray or dull green) leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 10 (10 in the flora).

Dwarf perennial lupines are usually characterized by a cespitose habit, persistent inflorescence bracts, banners that are glabrous abaxially, and ciliate keel petals. The history of the taxonomy of this group was discussed in detail by B. J. Cox (1972), R. C. Barneby (1989), and K. A. Weitemier (2010). Barneby gave justification for his conservative treatment of this taxon, which is generally followed here. Genetic analysis in lupines has shown little separation, according to Weitemier, but he suggested that there is good evidence to retain these variations as varieties, following Barneby, rather than elevating them to species level.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Racemes not exceeding leaves, or only partially so.
→ 2
2. Banner recurved, reflexed, 3+ mm wide.
var. aridus
2. Banner not or scarcely recurved, overhanging wings, 2.5–3 mm wide.
→ 3
3. Stems present and branched; leaves basal and cauline; racemes loose; pedicels 2.5–.
var. cusickii
3. Stems very short or absent, densely tufted; leaves basal; racemes dense; pedicels 0.4–.
→ 1
1. 5 mm.
var. utahensis
1. Racemes entirely exserted beyond leaves.
→ 4
4. Leaves clustered near base (appearing ± basal); herbs appearing acaulescent or shortly caulescent.
→ 5
5. Flowers 9–12 mm; leaflet blades 10–20 mm; rare, only from Mt. Ashland, Oregon.
L. lepidus var ashlandensis
5. Flowers 6–9(–10) mm; leaflet blades 5–30 mm; British Columbia southward to California, eastward to Idaho, Nevada.
→ 6
6. Racemes ± dense, 2–8 cm; herbs to 1 dm; leaflet blades 5–10 mm; elevation (1600–)2000–3500 m.
var. lobbii
6. Racemes elongate, (2–)4.5–11(–15) cm; herbs 1.2–3.5 dm; leaflet blades 10–30 mm; elevation 1000–2500 m.
var. sellulus
4. Leaves usually spread along stems or at least with some tufts of cauline leaves; herbs usually strongly caulescent (except stems short or absent in var. culbertsonii).
→ 7
7. Flowers 10–14 mm; Alberta, British Columbia, Alaska, Oregon, Washington.
var. lepidus
7. Flowers 7–11.5(–12) mm; California, Nevada.
→ 8
8. Racemes dense, (5–)12–30 cm; flowers in 9–12 whorls, dense; leaves cauline; elevation (300–)1500–2500(–3200 m).
var. confertus
8. Racemes usually open, 2–10(–12) cm; flowers in (2 or)3–7 whorls, ± well spaced; leaves basal and cauline; elevation 1900–4000 m.
→ 9
9. Leaflet blades usually 10–30 mm; flowers (9–)10–11.5 mm; elevation 1900–3600 m.
var. culbertsonii
9. Leaflet blades usually 5–15(–30) mm; flowers usually 7–9(–12) mm; elevation 2300–4000 m.
var. ramosus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Subordinate taxa
L. lepidus var ashlandensis, L. lepidus var. aridus, L. lepidus var. confertus, L. lepidus var. culbertsonii, L. lepidus var. cusickii, L. lepidus var. lepidus, L. lepidus var. lobbii, L. lepidus var. ramosus, L. lepidus var. sellulus, L. lepidus var. utahensis
Synonyms L. albicaulis var. hyacinthinus, L. andersonii var. sublinearis, L. formosus var. hyacinthinus
Name authority Greene: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 85. (1910) Douglas ex Lindley: Bot. Reg. 14: plate 1149. (1828)
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