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Guadalupe Island lupine

Donner Lake lupine, dwarf lupine, Lobb's lupine, Pacific lupine, prairie lupine, prostrate lupine, stool lupine, tidy lupine

Habit Herbs, annual, 2–6 dm, sparsely pubescent. Herbs, perennial, less than 6 dm, matted, hairy.
Stems

erect, usually branched, sometimes unbranched.

acaulescent or prostrate to ± erect, unbranched or branched.

Leaves

cauline;

petiole 3–7 cm;

leaflets 7–9, blades 20–50 × 3–5 mm, adaxial surface sparsely pubescent.

usually basal, sometimes cauline present;

stipules 3–25 mm;

petiole 2–13 cm;

leaflets 5–8, blades 5–40 × 3–7 mm, surfaces pubescent.

Racemes

10–25 cm;

flowers usually whorled, sometimes spirally arranged.

dense, 3–20 cm, not exceeding to exserted beyond leaves;

flowers whorled, usually crowded.

Peduncles

5–8 cm;

bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm.

2–13 cm;

bracts usually persistent, 4–15 mm.

Pedicels

4–5 mm.

0.4–3 mm.

Flowers

10–12 mm;

calyx 6–10 mm, lobes ± equal, abaxial lobe entire, adaxial lobe deeply cleft;

corolla blue, banner spot white, upper keel margins with few cilia near apex, banner as wide as long or wider.

6–13 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, 4–7 mm, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed, 3–7 mm;

corolla pink, violet, or blue, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate.

Legumes

3–6 × 0.8–1 cm, densely pubescent.

1–2 cm, hairy.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

6–8.

2–6, ± mottled tan or green to brown, 2–4 mm.

Lupinus guadalupensis

Lupinus lepidus

Phenology Flowering spring.
Habitat Sandy or gravelly areas.
Elevation 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w North America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus guadalupensis is known from San Clemente Island in California and Guadalupe Island in Mexico. It intergrades with L. nanus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 10 (10 in the flora).

Dwarf perennial lupines are usually characterized by a cespitose habit, persistent inflorescence bracts, banners that are glabrous abaxially, and ciliate keel petals. The history of the taxonomy of this group was discussed in detail by B. J. Cox (1972), R. C. Barneby (1989), and K. A. Weitemier (2010). Barneby gave justification for his conservative treatment of this taxon, which is generally followed here. Genetic analysis in lupines has shown little separation, according to Weitemier, but he suggested that there is good evidence to retain these variations as varieties, following Barneby, rather than elevating them to species level.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Racemes not exceeding leaves, or only partially so.
→ 2
2. Banner recurved, reflexed, 3+ mm wide.
var. aridus
2. Banner not or scarcely recurved, overhanging wings, 2.5–3 mm wide.
→ 3
3. Stems present and branched; leaves basal and cauline; racemes loose; pedicels 2.5–.
var. cusickii
3. Stems very short or absent, densely tufted; leaves basal; racemes dense; pedicels 0.4–.
→ 1
1. 5 mm.
var. utahensis
1. Racemes entirely exserted beyond leaves.
→ 4
4. Leaves clustered near base (appearing ± basal); herbs appearing acaulescent or shortly caulescent.
→ 5
5. Flowers 9–12 mm; leaflet blades 10–20 mm; rare, only from Mt. Ashland, Oregon.
L. lepidus var ashlandensis
5. Flowers 6–9(–10) mm; leaflet blades 5–30 mm; British Columbia southward to California, eastward to Idaho, Nevada.
→ 6
6. Racemes ± dense, 2–8 cm; herbs to 1 dm; leaflet blades 5–10 mm; elevation (1600–)2000–3500 m.
var. lobbii
6. Racemes elongate, (2–)4.5–11(–15) cm; herbs 1.2–3.5 dm; leaflet blades 10–30 mm; elevation 1000–2500 m.
var. sellulus
4. Leaves usually spread along stems or at least with some tufts of cauline leaves; herbs usually strongly caulescent (except stems short or absent in var. culbertsonii).
→ 7
7. Flowers 10–14 mm; Alberta, British Columbia, Alaska, Oregon, Washington.
var. lepidus
7. Flowers 7–11.5(–12) mm; California, Nevada.
→ 8
8. Racemes dense, (5–)12–30 cm; flowers in 9–12 whorls, dense; leaves cauline; elevation (300–)1500–2500(–3200 m).
var. confertus
8. Racemes usually open, 2–10(–12) cm; flowers in (2 or)3–7 whorls, ± well spaced; leaves basal and cauline; elevation 1900–4000 m.
→ 9
9. Leaflet blades usually 10–30 mm; flowers (9–)10–11.5 mm; elevation 1900–3600 m.
var. culbertsonii
9. Leaflet blades usually 5–15(–30) mm; flowers usually 7–9(–12) mm; elevation 2300–4000 m.
var. ramosus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Subordinate taxa
L. lepidus var ashlandensis, L. lepidus var. aridus, L. lepidus var. confertus, L. lepidus var. culbertsonii, L. lepidus var. cusickii, L. lepidus var. lepidus, L. lepidus var. lobbii, L. lepidus var. ramosus, L. lepidus var. sellulus, L. lepidus var. utahensis
Synonyms L. moranii
Name authority Greene: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 184. (1885) Douglas ex Lindley: Bot. Reg. 14: plate 1149. (1828)
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