Lupinus flavoculatus |
Lupinus arboreus |
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yellow-eyed lupine, yelloweyes |
coastal bush lupine, tree lupine, yellow bush lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 0.5–2 dm, pubescent, hairs more than 1 mm. | Shrubs, usually 5–20 dm, green-glabrous or silver-hairy. |
Stems | short, erect or spreading, branched or unbranched. |
ascending or erect, branched, woody. |
Leaves | cauline, crowded near base; stipules well developed; petiole 2–8 cm; leaflets 7–9, blades 10–20 × 5–8 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
cauline; stipules 8–12 mm; petiole 2–3(–6) cm; leaflets 5–12, blades 20–60 × 3–10 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
Racemes | elongate, dense, several–many-flowered, 2–12 cm, usually exceeding leaves; flowers spirally arranged. |
10–30 cm; flowers whorled or not. |
Peduncles | 3–5(–10 in fruit) cm; bracts persistent, straight, 2–3 mm. |
4–10 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm. |
Pedicels | 1–3 mm. |
4–10 mm. |
Flowers | 7–10 mm; calyx abaxial lobe shallowly cleft, 4–5 mm, adaxial lobe deeply cleft, 1–3 mm, less than 1/2 as long as abaxial; corolla bright blue, banner spot yellow, keel blunt, glabrous. |
14–18 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 5–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 5–9 mm; corolla usually yellow, rarely lilac to purple, banner patch darker or not or white, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to tip. |
Legumes | not obviously undulate, ovoid, often secund, 0.5–1 cm, adaxial margin not constricted between seeds, thinly pilose to coarsely hirsute. |
4–7 cm, hairy. |
Cotyledons | persistent, disclike, sessile. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 2–4, ridged. |
8–12, black to tan, often striped lighter, 4–5 mm. |
2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus flavoculatus |
Lupinus arboreus |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Sandy or gravelly desert areas. | Coastal bluffs, dunes, disturbed sand. |
Elevation | 600–2300 m. (2000–7500 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT
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CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California) [Introduced in South America (Argentina, Chile), Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia (including Tasmania)]
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Discussion | Lupinus flavoculatus is known from the Inyo and White mountains region of California, southern Nevada, Washington County, Utah, and Mohave County, Arizona. It resembles a hairy form of L. odoratus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus arboreus is known from the central California coast southward to northern Baja California; it was introduced as a sand binder and has become naturalized in northern California, Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia. Lupinus arboreus grades into L. rivularis in the North Coast of California. Plants with yellow petals and sweet-smelling flowers are widely cultivated as a sand binder. Hairier plants from the western San Francisco Bay area with yellow banners and blue wings have been called var. eximius; plants with glabrous leaflets and purple petals have been called L. propinquus. Lupinus arboreus hybridizes with L. littoralis and probably other species. Seeds of L. arboreus species are toxic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. rubens var. flavoculatus | L. arboreus var. eximius, L. propinquus |
Name authority | A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 5: 149, plate 5. (1909) | Sims: Bot. Mag. 18: plate 682. (1803) |
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